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route for a canal from Lake Eric to the Ohio river, and was made prmcipal engineer of the canal sys- tem of Ohio, holding that office from 1835 till 1829. At the same time he served as chief engineer of the Louisville and Portland canal. In 1829 he was appointed chief engineer of the surveys and loca- tion of the Chenango canal from Utica to Bing- hamton. and in 1830 was commissioned to survey the route of the Genesee Valley canal. The line of the Auburn and Rochester railroad, afterward a part of the New York Central, was surveyed by iiim in 1830. For the next four years he was en- gaged in surveys with reference to utilizing the water-power of Niagara river, and in 1834 was en- gaged to make surveys for the Erie and Kalamazoo railroad in Michigan, but in 1835 returned to his home in Rochester with broken health.

BATES, Dewey, painter, b. in Philadelphia in 1851. At an early age he wont abroad to study art, first entering the schools of the royal academy of Antwerp, and subsequently spending several years as a student in the Ecole des beaux arts in Paris and as a pupil of Gerorae. His residence and studio are in Philadelpiiia, and his pictures are to be seen in all the principal exhibitions.

BATES, Edward, statesman, b. in Belmont, Goochland co., Ya., 4 Sept., 1793 ; d. in St. Louis, Mo., 25 March, 1869. He was of Quaker descent, and received most of his education at Charlotte Hall. Maryland, finishing under the care of a pri- vate tutor. In 1812 he received a midshipman's warrant, and was only prevented from going to sea by his mother's influence. From February till October, 1813, he served in the Yirginia militia at Norfolli;. His elder brother, Frederick Bates, having been appointed secretary of the new territory of Missouri, Edward emigrated thither in 1814, and soon en- tered upon the jsrac- tice of law. As early as 1816 he was ap- pointed prosecuting attorney for the St. Louis circuit, and in 1820 was elected a

delegate to the state constitutional convention. Toward the close of the same year he was appoint- ed attorney-general of the new state of Missouri, which oflice he held for two years. He was elected to the legislature in 1822, and in 1824 became state attorney for the Missouri district. About this time he became the political friend of Henry Clay. In 1826, while yet quite a young man, he was elected a representative in congress as an anti-democrat, serving but one term. For the next twenty-five years he devoted himself to his profession, but served in the legislature again in 1830 and 1834. In 1847 Mr. Bates was a delegate to the convention for internal improvement, held in Chicago, and here made a favorable impression upon the coun- try at large. In 1850 President Fillmore offered him the portfolio of secretary of war, which he de- clined. Three years later he accepted the office of judge of the St. Louis land court. In 1856 he pre- sided over the whig convention held in Baltimore. When the question of the repeal of the Missouri compromise was agitated, he earnestly opposed it, and thus became identified with the " free-labor " party in Missouri, opposing with them the admission of Kansas under tiie Lecompton constitution. Mr. Bates became more and more prominent as an anti- slavery man, until in 1859 he was mentioned as a candidate for the presidency. He was warmly sup- ported by his own state, and for a time it seemed that the opposition to Gov. Seward might concen- trate upon him. In the National republican con- vention of 1860 lie received 48 votes on the 1st bal- lot ; but when it became apparent that Mr. Lincoln was the favorite, his name was withdrawn. When Mr. Lincoln, after his election, decided upon select- ing for his cabinet the leading men of the republi- can party, including those who had been his prin- cipal competitors, Mr. Bates was appointed attor- ney-general. In the cabinet he played a dignified, safe, and faithful, but not conspicuous, part. In 1864 he resigned his office and returned to his home in St. Louis. From this time he never again entered into active politics. — His brother, Frederick, was appointed by President Jefferson, in 1805, first U. S. judge for the territory of Michigan, was afterward secretary of the territory of Missoui'i, and was governor of the state from 1824 to 1826.

BATES, Henry Walter, English naturalist, b. in Leicester, England, 8 Feb.. 1825. He was edu- cated for a commercial career at private schools in Leicestershire, and in May, 1848, undertook, in com- pany with Alfred R. Wallace, a natural history ex- ploration of the valley of the Amazons. Mr. Wal- lace left in 1852, but Mr. Bates remained and ex- plored the upper Amazons until June, 1859. In a paper read to the Linna?an society on 21 Nov., 1861, he described the phenomena of " mimetic re- semblances " in animals, and suggested an explana- tion. This was printed in the transactions of the society (vol. xxiii., p. 495). He has been assistant secretary of the Royal Geographical Society, Lon- don, since April, 1864, and has edited the journal and proceedings of the society during that period. He was made a fellow of the Royal Society in 1881. Mr. Bates has published " The Naturalist on the River Amazons " (London, 1863) : " Illustrated Travels "(6 vols., London, 1866-'72); "The Ger- man Arctic Expedition of 1869-'70" (English trans- lation, London, 1874) ; " Central America, West Indies, and South America " (1878) ; and other works on natural history and geography.

BATES, Isaac Chapman, statesman, b. in Granville, Mass., 14 May, 1780; d. in Washington, D. C, 16 March, 1845. He was graduated at Yale in 1802, studied law, and practised in Northampton, Mass. While here he was a member at dift'erent times of the executive council of the state, and of both branches of the legislature. He was chosen to congress as an anti-Jackson man, and was reelected three times, serving altogether from 3 Dec, 1827, till 3 March, 1835. In 1836 and 1840 he was a presidential elector, and in January, 1841, he was elected to the senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Gov. Joiin Davis, where he re- mained "until his death, filling the place of chair- man of the committee of pensions. A few days before his death he made an able speech, opposing the admission of Texas to the union. Thi-oughout his public life he was a champion of the protective system, and in February, 1844, made a defence of it in the senate. He published several addresses and speeches. — His son, Isaac Chapman, b. 22 Oct., 1817 ; d. 24 Sept., 1875, was a prominent Bos- ton merchant, and secretary of the board of trade.

BATES, Joshua, educator, b. in Cohasset, Mass., 20 March, 1776 : d. in Dudley, Mass , 14 Jan., 1854. His father was a farmer and storekeeper, and Bates's early life was spent on the farm and as