him judge of the supreme court of Santo Domingo, and when this island was finally lost to France, he became president of the court of Martinique, which position he held till 1827. He then removed to Paris, and, on the accession of Louis Philippe, was appointed member of the state council. He pub- lished " De la marine franyaise " (Paris, 1800) ; " Des colonies francjaises, et en particulier de Saint Domingue" (1802); "La verite sur les affaires d'Haiti/' published at the expense of the former planters of the French part of the island, as Eman- gard had sustained their right to an indemnity (1833) ; and " Nouvel avis aux colons de Saint Do- mingue sur le payeraent de I'indemnite " (1836).
EMBRY, James Crawford. bishop, b. in Knox
county, Ind.. 2 Mov., 1834; d. in Philadelphia, 11
July, 1897. He was brought up on a farm, was
adn'iitted to the ministry of the African Methodist
Episcopal church in 1863, was elected by the gen-
eral conference of his church in 1876 to be secre-
tary of education, and chosen also financial secre-
tary in 1878. He was a member of the Methodist
ecumenical conference at London in 1881. and of
the Baltimore centennial conference of 1884. In
the latter year he was made general manager of the
pul)lishing department of his church. He was the
author of " Condition and Prospects of the Colored
American " (Kansas City, Mo.).
EMBURY, Emma Catherine, author, b. in
New York city in 1806; d. in Brooklyn, N. Y., 10
Feb., 1863. She was the daughter of Dr. James R.
Manley of New York city, and in 1828 became the
wife of Daniel Embury, afterward president of the
Atlantic bank of Brooklyn. From girlhood to the
time of her death she was a frequent contributor
to various periodicals, in many of them over the
pen-name “Ianthe.” Her printed volumes include
“Guide and other Poems” (New York, 1828);
“Female Education”; “The Blind Girl and other
Tales”; “Glimpses of Home Life”; “Token of
Flowers”; “Pictures of Early Life”; “Nature's
Gems, or American Wild Flowers” (1845); “Love's
Token Flowers” (1846); “The Waldorf Family, a
Grandfather's Legend” (1848); “Poems” (1869).
EMBURY, Philip, preacher, b. in Ballygaran,
Ireland, 21 Sept., 1729; d. in Camden, Washington
co., N. Y., in August, 1775. His parents were
members of the colony of Germans that emigrated
from the Palatinate to Ireland early in the
eighteenth century, and in which Wesley labored with
great success. Embury was educated at a school
near Ballygaran, and learned the carpenter's trade.
He was converted on Christmas day, 1752, became
a local preacher in 1758, and in 1760 came to New
York and worked at his trade. In common with
his fellow-emigrants, he began to lose interest in
religious matters, and did not preach in New York
till 1766, when, moved by the reproaches of
Barbara Heck, sometimes called the “foundress of
American Methodism,” he began to hold services
first in his own house on Barrack street, now Park
place, and then in a rigging loft on what is now
William street. (See Heck, Barbara.) The congregation thus formed
was probably the first Methodist congregation in
the United States, though it is a disputed question
whether precedence should not be given to Robert
Strawbridge, who began laboring in Maryland
about this time. The first Methodist church was
built under Embury's charge in 1768, on the site
of the present John street church, and he himself
worked on the building as a carpenter, and afterward
preached there gratuitously. He resigned in
1769 and went to Camden, N. Y., where he
continued to work at his trade during the week,
preaching every Sunday. He organized among
Irish emigrants at Ashgrove, near Camden, the
first Methodist society within the bounds of what
is now Troy conference. He died suddenly, in
consequence of an accident in mowing, and was
buried on a neighboring farm, but in 1832 his
remains were removed to Ashgrove churchyard, and
in 1866 to Woodland cemetery, Cambridge, N. Y.,
where in 1873 a monument to him was unveiled,
with an address by Bishop Simpson.
EMERIAU, Maurice Julien, Comte, French
naval officer, b. in Carhaix, Finisterre, 20 Oct., 1762 ;
d. in Toulon, 2 Feb., 1845. On his mother's side
he belonged to a Creole family of Santo Domingo,
and was an extensive land-owner there and in the
island of Martinique. At the age of sixteen he
entered the royal navy as a volunteer, and took
part in the war of American independence, distin-
guishing himself under Comte d'Bstaing in the
combats of the island of Grenada and of Savan-
nah. He took part in twelve sieges, received three
wounds, and in 1779 was rewarded with the rank
of lieutenant. In 1792 he was given command of
a corvette on the naval station of Santo Domingo,
and while cruising in the waters of that island, as
well as on the coast of the United States, he ren-
dered important services during the revolt of the
negroes. He was then promoted to captain, ap-
pointed chief of squadron, and commanded the
first division, which formed the vanguard of the
Egyptian expedition. For his brilliant services
in the battle of Aboukir he was appointed rear-ad-
miral, and was for some time maritime prefect of
Toulon. In 1803 he was sent to Santo Domingo
to re-establish communication with the south of
the island, and successfully accomplished his mis-
sion, forcing Dessalines to raise the siege of Port
au Prince. In 1803-'ll he had charge of the de-
fence of the coast of the Mediterranean against the
English, and rendered important services to his
country. In 1811 he was appointed commander of
a fleet of twenty-one vessels of the line and ten frig-
ates, constructed and equipped under his personal
inspection while he was prefect of Toulon. He had
frequent engagements with the English fleets, and
for three years never lost a ship. He was made
vice-admiral in 1813, and in 1814 defended^Toulon
against the attack of a formidable fleet. Emeriau
was made a peer of France by Napoleon in 1815,
and by Louis Philippe in 1831. He was engaged
in writing his memoirs when he died.
EMERSON, Benjamin Dudley, educator, b.
in Ilampstead, N. IL, in 1781 ; d. in Jamaica Plain,
now a part of Boston, 2 Oct., 1872. He was gradu-
ated at Dartmouth in 1805, was a teacher in New-
buryport, Mass., in 1810-'17, and afterward principal
of the Adams grammar-school, Boston, for many
years. He was associated with his brother Fred-
erick in the preparation of school-books, and liis
spelling-books, readers, and arithmetics became
widely popular. He also published an " Academ-
ical Speaker" (Boston). According to the pro-
visions of his will, the bulk of his property was
given for religious and educational jjurposes. In
it he provided for the establishment of the Ilamp-
stead high-school, and left $100,000 to Dartmouth
college. — His brother, Frederick, author, b. in
Hampstead, N. H., 28 Nov., 1788 ; d. in Boston,
Mass., in 1857, was for many years a well-known
teacher in Boston, and was for some time superin-
tendent of schools there. He published a series of
arithmetics, which were largely used in schools,
including the " North American Arithmetic," in
three parts (Boston, 1834).
EMERSON, Benjamin Kendall, naturalist, b. in Nashua, N. H., 20 Dec, 1843. He was gradu-
