found a Polish colony there. In the spring of 1877 she went to San Francisco, and, after studying English for a little more than four months, made her first appearance in the California theatre as Adrienne Lecouvreur. Her success was immediate, and thenceforth her record as an American actress has been one of continual triumph. She has made six tours through the country, and has acted for several seasons in London and the English provinces, with three short tours in Poland. Madame Modjeska has acted in twenty-five parts since she first appeared on the American stage, principally in the Shakesperian roles of Beatrice, Imogen, Juliet, and Rosalind, also Mary Stuart and Camille. She has also made adaptations for the Polish stage of Shakespeare's “As You Like It” and “Twelfth Night.”
MOELLER, Louis Charles, artist, b. in New
York city, 5 Aug., 1856. He is the son of a decorative
painter. After serving a three years' apprenticeship
with his father, he began to study painting, and
subsequently visited Munich for that purpose. To
the influence of Feodor Dietz, who was one of his
masters there, Moeller attributes his best work.
Slender resources compelled his return to his home,
where he again devoted himself to decorative painting
until he was enabled to send his first picture,
“A Girl in a Snow-Storm,” to the National academy
of design. His second work, “Puzzled,” gained
him the Hallgarten prize, and an election as
associate of that institution in 1884. Moeller is a
pleasing genre painter. Among his other pictures
are “Morning News,” “Stubborn,” “Bluffing,” “A
Doubtful Investment,” and “A Siesta.”
MOFFAT, James Clement, educator, b. in
Glencree, Gallowayshire, Scotland, 80 May, 1811;
d. in Princeton, N. J., 7 June, 1890. He came to
the United States in 1832 with the trade of a print-
er, l)ut, being prepared to enter the junior class
at Princeton, he was persuaded to do so by Prof.
Maclean, of that institution, and was graduated in
1835. After attending lectures for two years at
Yale he returned to Princeton as tutor in Greek.
Receiving the appointment to the chair of Greek
and Latin in Lafayette college in 1839, he remained
there until the spring of 1841, when he went to
Miami university, Ohio, as professor of Latin, sub-
sequently teaching modern history. In 1851 he was
licensed to preach, and for a time taught Greek and
Hebrew at a theological seminary in Cincinnati.
In 1853 he went back to Princeton as professor of
Latin and history, Greek being afterward substi-
tuted for Latin. After 1861 he occupied the chair
of church history in Princeton seminary. He re-
ceived the degree of D. D. from Miami univer-
sity in 1853. Besides contributing to periodicals,
Dr. Moffat published " A Rhyme of the North
Countrie " (Cincinnati, 1847) ; " Life of Dr. Thomas
Chalmers" (1853); "Introduction to the Study of
Esthetics" (1856; new ed., 1860); '-Comparative
History of Religions " (2 vols.. New York, 1871-3) ;
" Song and Scenery, or a Summer Ramble in Scot-
land " (1874); "Alwyn, a Romance of Studv," a
poem (1875) ; " The Church in Scotland " (Phila-
delphia, 1882) : " Church History in Brief " (1885) ;
and " The Story of a Dedicated' Life " (Princeton,
1887). — His son, Edward Stewart, mining engineer, b. in Oxford, Ohio, 5 Jan., 1844, was graduated at Princeton in 1863, and at Columbia school of mines in 1868, as a mining engineer, serving also during the civil war as a lieutenant in the U. S. signal corps, in which he was brevetted captain. In 1868 he became adjunct professor of mining and
metallurgy in Lafayette, where he remained until
1870, and he afterward held the superintendency
of various iron-works till 1882, when he became
superintendent of the Lackawanna iron and coal
company, of which corporation he was made general
manager in 1886. Prof. Moffat has attained a high
reputation in his profession, and has held office in
the American institute of mining engineers, to
whose transactions he has contributed papers.
MOFFAT, James David, clergyman, b. in New
Lisbon, Columbiana co., Ohio, 15 March, 1846. He
was graduated at Washington and Jefferson college
in 1869, and, after studying two years at Princeton
theological seminary, was licensed to preach in
April, 1871. He was ordained co-pastor with his
father. Rev. John Moffat, of the 2d Presbyterian
church at Wheeling, W. Va., 8 May, 1872, and on
his father's death in December, 1875, became his
successor. He labored there until chosen president
of Washington and Jefferson college in 1881. He
received the degree of D. D. from Hanover college
in 1882, and from Princeton in 1883.
MOFFITT, John M., sculptor, b. in England
in 1837 ; d. in London. England, 15 Sept., 1887.
He was apprenticed when fifteen years of age to
a London sculptor, and after serving out his time
came to the United States. One of the first or-
ders he received after his arrival was for the exe-
cution of the figures that adorn the eastern en-
trance to Greenwood cemetery, and represent the
four ages of man. He subsequently executed the
memorial reredos in Packer memorial church,
Mauch Chunk, Pa. Many of the altars in the
principal churches in New York city were designed
by him. Among his latest works are the plan for
the soldiers' monument in East Rock park. New
Haven, Conn., and the drum of the Yorktown
Revolutionary monument, erected in 1881.
MOFRAS, Eugene Duflot de (mo-frah), French
explorer, b. in Toulouse, 5 July, 1810; d. in Paris
in 1851. He entered the diplomatic service in
1828 as attache to the French mission at Madrid,
and while in that city made the acquaintance of
Martin de Navarrete, who enraptured him by his
descriptions of South America. Mofras solicited
a mission to that country, and in 1839 was sent to
Mexico to study the political situation, with orders
to go afterward to California, Oregon, and Russian
America. For four years he explored those coun-
tries, and also visited the principal cities of the
United States. On his return to France he pub-
lished " Fragments d'un voyage en Californie "
(Paris, 1843) ; " Exploration de I'Oregon et des Cali-
fornies " (2 vols., 1844) ; " Mendoza, vice-roi de la
Nouvelle Espagne, et Navarrete, notices biogra-
phiques " (2 vojs., 1845) ; and " L'Oregon, le
Mexique et les Etats-Unis," in which the author
compares these countries, and predicts a great
future for the United States (2 vols., 1846).
MOGUER, Andres de (mo-gair), Mexican clergyman, b. in Moguer, Spain, in 1505 ; d. in Mexico, 14 Oct., 1577. He was educated in the convent of San Esteban in Salamanca, where he entered the Dominican order, and continued to study theology, being graduated in 1530. When Friar Bernardo Alburquerque returned from Rome to Mexico in 1533, he carried with him Moguer, who soon became known for his great learning. He rapidly acquired the Mexican language, and, that he might utilize it in the conversion of the Indians, he was transferred to the missions of Oajaca, where he was successful, and became superior of his convent. In 1550 he returned to Mexico and became confessor of the viceroy, Antonio de Mendoza, and judge of the Inquisition. When an epidemic appeared in Tlaxcala in 1576, Moguer asked to be transferred to that place, and with great devotion
