and most of his life work was devoted to portrai- ture. His studio was in New York. Among his works are portraits of Worthin.^ton Whittredge. of Joseph P. Thomson, and Prof. EHas Loomis (1882); also "Undine" (1861); "Aphrodite" (1876); "Echo" (1877): " Hermione and Helena" (1877); "QEnone" (1878); "At the Spring" (1879); "Idyl of the Lake" (1881); "Love's Crown" (1882); "Summer Moon" (1884); and "The Dreamer" (1885).— His wife, Jennette Shepherd (Harrison), artist, b. in New Haven, Conn.. 5 March, 1840, has her studio with her husband. She was a pupil of Louis Bail in New Haven, subsequently of her husband, and in 1867 studied in Paris, Venice, and Rome. She was elected an associate of the Nation- al academy in 1875. Her style is unpretentious, but natural and vigorous. Among her works are numerous portraits, "A Banquet for Mamma," "Little Runaway," and " Baby Belle."
LODS, Charles Louis, educator, b. in Woerth-
sur-Sauer, Lower Alsace, 22 Dec. 1823. His par-
ents, who were Protestants, removed to this coun-
try in 1824, and settled at New Franklin, Stark co.,
Ohio, where his father died a few days after their
arrival. The son studied in the town school, and at
the age of sixteen began teaching. He was grad-
uated at Bethany college in 1846, and was a teacher
there for three years, after which he removed to
Wellsburg, Va., to take pastoral charge of the
Christian church there. After holding pastorates
in Somerset, Pa., and Cincinnati, Ohio, he was
called to the presidency of Eureka college, 111., and
in 1858-'80 held the chair of ancient languages in
Bethany college. He was then elected to the presi-
dency of Kentucky university at Lexington. For
several years Mr. Loos was associate editor of the
" Disciple," a monthly, and of the " Sower," a re-
ligious weekly in Pennsylvania, and of the " Chris-
tian Age," the chief weekly organ of his church at
Cincinnati. Afterward, for seven years, he was co-
editor with Prof. W. K. Pendleton of the " Millen-
nial Harbinger," and at present is contributing
editor of the " Christian Standard," of Cincinnati.
LOOT, Oerard yan (lote), Dutch naturalist, b.
in Muyden in 1705; d. in Breda in 1761. He ob-
tained employment in the Indian company, and re-
sided most of his life in Java and Dutch Guiana,
retiring in 1753 and settling in Breda. He pub-
lished " Anweisung wie man die Breite und Lange
der Flilsse aus gemeinen Landkarten erforschen
konne"(2 vols., Breda, 1754); " Guiana geognostisch
und geologisch dargestellt " (1755) ; " Grundlehren
der Anatomie und Physiologic der amerikanischen
Pflanzen " (1757) ; " Naturen Bloeme " (1757) ;
" Historia generalis plantarum guianarum in quae
famili;e per tabulas disponuntur" (2 vols., 1758);
"Die Naturgesehichte von Amerika " (1760);
" Handbuch tiir den Kaufmann in Guiana" (1760) ;
and several other works.
LOOTENS, Louis, R. C. bishop, b. in Bruges,
Belgium, in 1825. He was ordained to the Roman
Catholic priesthood in 1851, and was sent to Cali-
fornia on a mission about seven years afterward ;
successively officiating in Sonora, Petaluma, and
San Rafael, where he erected a church and greatly
enlarged the scliool-buildings. In March, 1868, he
was consecrated bishop of Castabala, in partibus,
but resigned in 1876 on account of failing health.
LOPES, Caetauo (lo-pes), Brazilian historian, b.
in Bahia in October, 1780; d. in Paris, 22 Dec,
1860. He was a mulatto, and, being the son of
wealthy parents, received a good education in the
college of Bahia, finishing his studies in Paris,
where he was graduated in medicine, and entered
the French army in 1808 as assistant surgeon. He
served during the reign of Napoleon, but resigned
in 1815, and practised his profession in Brazil for
several years, but settled in Paris in 1822, and en-
gaged in literary work. He devoted his time prin-
cipally to the study of Brazil and Brazilian authors,
whose works he wished to popularize in Europe.
Lopes became corresponding member of the Paris
academy of inscriptions and belles-lettres. In 1843
he was presented with a gold medal by the histori-
cal institute of Rio Janeiro for his historical
works, and he also received many proofs of esteem
from the emperor Pedro. He wrote under the pen-
name of Caetano L. de Moura. His works, which
are numerous and noted for purity of language
and brightness of style, include " Diccionario geo-
graphico historico e'descriptivo do imperio do Bra-
zil, obra collegida e coraposta per Milliet de Saint
Adolphe, e traduzida em portuguez do mesmo manu-
scripto inedito trances, com numerosas observa9oes
e addi§oes " (2 vols.. Paris, 1839) ; " Arte de se cu-
rar a si mesmo nas doen9as venereas " (1845) ; " His-
toria de Napoleao Bonaparte," which was written by
order of Pedro I. for the primary schools of Brazil
(2 vols., 1846) ; " Diccionario bibliographico Brasi-
liense " (6 vols., 1847-'52) ; " Diccionario estatistico-
geographico do imperio do Brazil " (3 vols., 1853) ;
and " Historia geral do imperio do Brazil " (3 vols.,
1854). He was also the author of surgical works.
LOPEZ, Carlos Antonio (lo'-peth), president
of Paraguay, b. in Asuncion, 4 Nov., 1790, died
there, Sept. 10, 1862. He was educated in the
seminary of Asuncion, and escaped the persecution
of Dr. Francia, the dictator, by hiding for many
years in a remote village. After Francia's death
in September, 1840, Lopez returned to Asuncion,
and became the secretary of the military junta
that was then in control there. Seeing that the
government could be seized by any one that was
cunning and strong enough to grasp it, he resolved
to do so, and caused the junta to call a congress,
which, under his direction, appointed a triumvi-
rate, 23 Jan., 1841. He then induced one of the
triumvirs. Gen. Mariano Roque Alonso, to dissolve
the triumvirate on 27 Feb., and a new congress of
his own creation appointed Alonso and Lopez con-
suls for three years. In 1844 the same farce was
enacted, and congress abolished the consulate, ap-
pointing Lopez president for ten years. In 1854 he
was re-elected for three years, and again in 1857
for ten years, with power to appoint his temporary
successor by will. He governed arbitrarily, but in
general without oppression or cruelty. He gradu-
ally opened Paraguay to foreign trade and immi-
gration, made treaties, laid the foundations of a
formidable army, with fortifications, arsenal, and
flotilla, constructed a railway, and provided for
the education of many youths in European me-
chanical and scientific schools. His jealousy of all
interference with the independence of Paraguay
brought him into conflict with the dictator Rosas
of Buenos Ayres, and his dislike of foreigners in-
volved him in diplomatic disputes with England.
France, and Brazil, which in each case were carried
to the verge of hostilities, from which he escaped
by shrewd diplomacy. On account of his treat-
ment of the U. S. consul, and an attack on the ex-
ploring steamer " Water Witch," in 1855, a large
squadron was sent by the U. S. government to
enforce a demand for reparation, which was prom-
ised by treaty, but ultimately evaded. His long
administration greatly advanced the material wel-
fare of Paraguay, and the security of life and prop-
erty was unlimited except by laws of his own enact-
ment. — His son, Francisco Solano, president of
Paraguay, b. near Asuncion, 24 July, 1827 ; killed
