settling in Ipswich and afterward in Salem, where he practised his profession. He was a member of the Massachusetts legislature in 1847-54, serving in the latter year as speaker, was a member of the Constitutional convention in 1858, and from 1859 till 1875 an associate justice of the state superior court. On the dissolution of the Whig party, of which he had been a member, he was nominated for congress in 1858 by an independent convention, and was defeated then, and again in 1860. when he was the candidate of the Constitutional union par- ty. During the civil war he was pro-slavery in his politics, and in 1866 he published a series of arti- cles opposing the 15th constitutional amendment. He was elevated to the supreme bench in 1875, and held office till his retirement in 1882. Amherst gave him the degree of LL. D. in 1869.
LORENCEZ, Charles Ferdinand Latrille,
Count de (lo-ron-say), French soldier, b. in Paris,
23 May, 1814. He entered the military school of
Saint Cyr in 1830, and was graduated two years
later as 8d lieutenant. He served in Algiers,
had become a colonel in 1852, and won the com-
mission of major-general in 1855, during the Cri-
mean war, at the capture of the Malakoff. In
January, 1862, he was sent to Mexico with re-en-
forcements for the expedition that had landed
there in December, 1861. He arrived at Vera Cruz
on 5 March, and was made lieutenant-general on
the 20th. He left the camp of Chiquihuite on 19
April, and on the following morning entered
Orizaba, having defeated the Mexican forces in
a cavalry engagement. On the 23d he was
joined by the Mexican Gen. Galvez with a
strong force of volunteers, and on the 27th as-
sumed command of the French forces in Mexico.
He defeated the patriots at Aeultzingo on 28 April,
entered Amozoc on 4 May, and on the following
day attacked the fortified hills of Guadelupe and
Loreto, opposite Puebla. Owing to the lack of
proper artillery, he was unable to capture these
posts, and retreated toward Orizaba. He passed
the Cumbres heights on the 16th, and on the fol-
lowing morning was joined at Tecomolucan by
the insurgent chief Marquez and 500 cavalry.
Zaragoza was beaten after a sharp action at
Aeultzingo on 18 May, and on the 20th Lorencez
arrived at Orizaba, which he fortified, as he had
resolved to await the ari'ival of re-enforcements
in that city. On 17 June he defeated Zaragoza
again, but the French forces suffered heavily from
yellow fever and want of provisions. When Napoleon III. sent a larger army to Mexico, he appointed Lorencez second in command under Gen. Forey ; but the former asked to be recalled, and left Vera Cruz on 17 Dec, 1862. Gen. Lorencez
would have been created a senator but for his opposition to the sending of' re-enforcements to Mexico, urging the emperor to recall his troops, and predicting that the issue would be disastrous. He fought during the Franco-German war of 1870-'l, but a disease contracted in Mexico com-
pelled him to retire from active service in 1872.
He has since been occupied with a history of the
French expedition to Mexico.
LORENZANA Y BUTRON, Francisco An-
tonio (lo-ren-thah'-nah), Spanish archbishop, b. in
Leon, Spain, 22 Sept., 1722 ; d. in Rome, Italy, 17
April, 1804. He was at first canon of Toledo, and
in 1765 became bishop of Placencia, but in 1766
was transferred to the archbishopric of Mexico.
He remained in that country six years, after which
he was made archbishop of Toledo, Spain. He
was nominated cardinal in 1789, resigning his arch-
bishopric in 1800, and went to live at Rome. Of his
numerous works the most notable are " Coleccion
de Cartas Pastorales y Edictos" (Mexico, 1770);
"Memorial de 16s Mendigos de Mexico" (1769);
and " Cartas Originales de Hernan Cortes a Carlos
V. con Notas v Estampas utiles para la Historia de
la N. E." (1770).
LORILLARD, Jacob, merchant, b. in New York city, 22 May, 1774; d. there, 20 Sept., 1838. He was of French descent on his father's and German on his mother's side. His early education was meagre, but he supplied the deficiency by night study. He was apprenticed when a boy to a leather merchant, and for many years was engaged in the
leather business, yet in later life he devoted his energies mainly to the interests of the Mechanics' bank, which, while its president, he twice delivered from serious embarrassment. He invested the profits of his business largely in real estate in New York city. Mr. Lorillard was unostentatiously liberal to the poor, often assisted struggling traders with credit, and once mortgaged his property to save a friend from financial ruin. He was president of the German society, a trustee of the General theological seminary of the Protestant Episcopal church, alderman, member of the assembly, and an officer in many associations. — His nephew, Pierre, b. in New York city, provided, jointly with the French government, the means for archasological explorations by Desire Charnay in Central America, which resulted in the discovery of the
ruins of Toltec cities. He also founded Tuxedo
Park, a suburban retreat in Orange county, N. Y.,
combining the advantages of landscape-gardening
with facilities for country sports.
LORIMIER, George Claud, clergyman, b. in
Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1888. He removed to the
United States in 1856, was educated at Georgetown
college, Ky., and ordained to the Baptist ministry
in 1856. He was successively pastor of churches
in Harrodsburg, Paducah, and Louisville, Ky..
Albany, N. Y., and Boston, Mass., where he of-
ficiated for several years in Tremont Temple.
Since 1881 he has held charges in Chicago, 111.
He edited " The Watchman " in 1876. Georgetown
college gave him the degree of LL. D. in 1885, and
he is a member of the Victoria institute, London.
His publications include "Under the Evergreens"
(Boston, 1872); "The Great Conflict" (1876);
"Isms" (Chicago, 1882): "Jesus the World's Sav-
iour " (1884) ; and " Studies in Social Life " (1886).
LORIMIER, Mary-Thomas Chevalier de, lawyer, b. in Montreal in 1805 ; d. there, 15 Feb., 1839. He was educated for the law, and took a prominent part in the struggle between the Canadian and the British government. He was principally instrumental in procuring the election of Tracey for the west quarter of Montreal, and still more active, in the general election of 1834, in favor of the candidate that supported " the ninety-two resolutions." He was secretary of almost all the assemblies that preceded the insurrection, and of the central committee charged with watching over the formation of the county committees. In
the conflict between the Doric club and the Sons of Liberty he was seriously wounded. When warrants of arrest were issued, he set out for the county of Deux-Montagnes in 1837, and placed himself under the revolutionary chief, Chenier. He took part in the affair at Saint-Eustache on
14 Sept. ; but afterward, seeing that resistance was useless, advised Chenier to lay down his arms. As the latter refused, Lorimier crossed into the United States. He was one of the leaders of the expedition of 28 Feb., 1838, and after its failure returned to Plattsburg, and devoted his energies to
