Indians. When Hull was temporarily absent from the army for a time McArthur determined to attack the fort at Amherstburg, which would have fallen without a blow a few days earlier, but was now protected by a gun-boat and a strong battery. Col. McArthur and Col. Lewis Cass were absent at the time of the capitulation, having been sent to the river Raisin to escort Capt. Brush and his relieving force to Detroit. They were included in the surrender, and when a British officer came from the fort with the articles of capitulation McArthur tore off his epaulettes and broke his sword in an outburst of indignation. He was commisssioned as brigadier-general on 12 March, 1813, and when Gen. Harrison resigned, 31 May, 1814, succeeded to the chief command of the western army. He projected a plan for the conquest of Canada, and on 26 Oct., 1814, crossed St. Clair river with 750 men and five field pieces, passed through the Scotch and Moravian settlements, reached Oxford on 4 Nov., and drove the militia before him, until he reached Brantford, where he found a large force of Indians and militia posted on the opposite bank of Grand river, and heard that the road to Burlington was defended by British regulars and cannon. He accordingly turned southward, destroying public property and defeating a force of militia. On reaching Dover he learned that Gen. George Izard had withdrawn his troops from canadian soil, and that a strong force of regulars was coming against him. Turning westward, he hastened back to Detroit by way of St. Thomas, discharging his force at Sandwich on 17 Nov. He had been elected by the Democrats a member of congress from Ohio in 1813, but declined to leave the army. After he was mustered out, 15 June, 1815, he was returned to the legislature. In 1816-'17 he served as commissioner to negotiate treaties with the Indians, which were ratified in 1818, and by which the Indians conveyed to the government their lands in Ohio. In 1917-'19 he was again a member of the state house of representatives, and was chosen speaker. In 1822 he was elected to congress as a Clay Democrat, and served from 1 Dec., 1823, till 3 March, 1825. In 1830-'32 he was governor of Ohio, and in 1832 he was again a candidate for congress, but lost the election by a single ballot. While governor he suffered severe physical injuries through an accident, from which he never recovered.
MacARTHUR, John, architect, b. in Bladenock, Scotland, 13 May, 1823 ; d. in Philadelphia,
8 Jan., 1890. He came to the United States, studied architectural drawing, and served as a foreman
under his uncle in the construction of the Pennsylvania hospital. In 1848 he was appointed by
the city of Philadelphia architect and superintendent of the new house of refuge. During the civil
war he was architect in charge of the hospitals and
other government buildings in the Philadelphia
district. In 1869 he was selected by competition
to design and construct the new city hall in Philadelphia, on which he was for years engaged, having
given up his private business in order to devote
his entire time to this structure. In 1871 he was
appointed by the United States architect of the
new post-office in Philadelphia, which was built
and furnished entirely under his direction. In the
same year he was appointed superintendent of repairs, having charge of all government buildings
in Philadelphia. In 1874 he was twice offered the
post of supervising architect of the U. S. treasury,
but declined. In 1875 he was commissioned by
the government to examine and report on the construction of the custom-house building in Chicago.
In 1885 he was appointed by the city of Boston to
select plans for the new court-house. Among the
buildings designed and built by him are the naval
hospitals at Philadelphia, Pa., Annapolis, Md., and
Mare island, Cal. ; the state hospitals for the insane at Danville and Warren, Pa. ; Lafayette college. Easton, Pa. : the Continental. Girard, and
Lafayette hotels, Philadelphia ; and the " Public
Ledger" building, Philadelphia, and the town and
country residences of George W. Childs.
McARTHUR, John, soldier, b. in Erskine,
Scotland, 17 Nov., 1826. He is the son of a blacksmith, and worked at that trade till he was twenty-three years of age, when he came to the United
States and settled in Chicago. Ill., where he was
employed as foreman of boiler-making in a foundry, and was subsequently at the head of an establishment of his own. When the civil war began
he joined the 12th Illinois volunteers, with a company of which he was captain, and was chosen
lieutenant-colonel. He soon afterward became
colonel of the regiment, commanded a brigade at
the assault on Fort Donelson, and for his gallantry
was promoted brigadier-general, 21 March, 1862.
At Shiloh he received a wound in the foot in the
beginning of the first day's battle, but returned
after it was dressed to his brigade, and succeeded
to the command of the 2d division, when Gen.
William H. L. Wallace was mortally wounded. In
the operations against Vicksburg he commanded a
division in Gen. McPherson's corps. He took a
conspicuous part in the battle of Nashville, where
he was at the head of a division under Gen. Andrew J. Smith, which carried the salient point of
the enemy's line, and for gallantry in this action
he was brevetted major-general. He was postmaster at Chicago in 1873-7.
MACAULAY, Sir James Buchanan, Canadian jurist, b. in Niagara, 3 Dec, 1793; d. in Toronto, 26 Nov., 1859. His father, Dr. James Macaulay, a native of Glasgow, Scotland, came with his regiment, the Queen's rangers, to Canada in 1792, and was afterward deputy inspector-general of hospitals. James was educated in Cornwall, and afterward entered the 98th regiment as ensign. In 1812 he joined the Glengarry fencibles as a lieutenant, and fought at Ogdensburg, Oswego, Lundy's Lane, and at the siege of Fort Erie. At the close of the war his corps was disbanded, and after engaging in the study of law he was admitted to the bar in 1822. He rose rapidly in his profession, was an
executive councillor during the administration of Sir Peregrine Maitland. and in 1829 became a judge of the court of Queen's bench. When the court of common pleas was constituted in December. 1849, he was transferred to it as chief justice, and continued on the bench until his resignation in 1856. A short time before his death he accepted the appointment of judge of the court of error and appeal. In 1859 the honor of knighthood was conferred upon him by the Queen. He was chairman of the commission that was intrusted with the consolidation of the statutes of Upper Canada, and this work was completed in 1858 largely by the aid of Sir James. — His brother, John Simcoe, served
as colonel of engineers, and afterward was a member of the legislative council of Upper Canada.
McAULEY, Jeremiah, missionarv, b. in Ireland in 1839 : d. in New York city, 18 Sept.. 1884. At the age of thirteen he was sent to a married sister in New York city, and assisted her husband in his business, but, forming vicious associations, left them soon, and lived in Water street, where he became a thief and a prize-fighter. At the age of nineteen he was arrested for highway robbery, and, although innocent of the charge, was convict-
