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IDE, Henry Clay, jurist, b. in Barnet, Vt., 18 Sept., 1844, and was graduated at Dartmouth col- lege in 1866. He studied law, and was a mem- ber of the Vermont senate for three years. In 1884 he was president of the Republican state convention, and four years later was a delegate to the national Republican convention. In 1891 he was appointed by President Harrison U. S. com- missioner to Samoa, and two years later he became chief justice under the joint appointment of Ger- many, Great Britain, and the United States, occu- pying the position for four years. Judge Ide, who resides in St. Johnsbury, is a director in a number of banks and manufacturing corporations.
IGLESIAS, Rafael, president of Costa Rica, b. in San Jose de Costa Rica, 18 April, 1861. He was graduated in the Colegio de Cartago, one of the best institutions in Central America, and began the study of law in the Universidad de Santo Tomas, which was terminated by the polit- ical disorders in the republic. Later he began a political career, in which he has been successful. During the electoral campaign of 1889 he, with others, framed the Constitucional party, which elected Dn. Jose Joaquin Rodriguez president, owing chielly to the enthusiasm and oratorial powers of Iglesias. Under President Rodriguez he was secretary of war. At the end of that presi- dential period the party named "Civil " elected him president in March, 1894, and in March, 1898, he was re-elected by a plurality of more than 24,000 votes for another term of four years. During the rule of President Iglesias the republic has pro- gressed, and peace been reaffirmed by arbitration on the differences between Nicaragua and Costa Rica. In November, 1898, he visited the United States as a guest of the republic, being cordially welcomed by president and people.
INGALLS, Charles Russell, jurist, b. in Green- wich, Washington Co., N. Y., 14 Sept., 1819. He read law with his father. Judge Charles P. Ingalls, was admitted to practice as an attorney in the su- preme court, and as a solicitor in the court of chancery in 1844. In 1847 he was made a counsel- lor in both courts. In IS.'iS he represented Wash- ington county in the legislature, and he subse- quently practised his profession in Greenwich until 1860, when he removed to Troy. In 1863 he was chosen a judge of the supreme court, and in 1870 he became a member of the court of appeals, remaining on the bench until its reorganization. In 1871 his term of eight years as justice of the supreme court being about to expire, he was nomi- nated for the same office for the term of fourteen years by both the Democratic and Republican conventions, and was consequently elected without opposition. In 1877 he was appointed a member of the general term of the supreme court of the first department, consisting of the city of New York. At the expiration of his term of fourteen years. Judge Ingalls was again nominated for the same office, and re-elected without opposition.
INGALLS, Helville Ezra, railway president, b. in Harrison, Me.. 6 Sept., 1843. He is the son of a farmer, and was graduated at Bowdoin and at the Harvard law-school. He practised in Bos- ton, and in 1867 was elected to the Massachusetts senate, three years later becoming president and in 1871 receiver of the Indianapolis, Cincinnati and Lafayette railway. From a bankrupt con- dition Mr. Ingalls, by reorganizations in 1873 and , placed its successor, the Cincinnati, Indian- apolis, St. Louis and Chicago, in a profitable con- dition, consolidating it with other roads into the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis rail- way, of which he is the president. He is also presi- dent of the Chesapeake and Ohio railway company.
INMAN, Henry, author, b. in New York city, 3 July, 1837: d. in Topeka, Kan., 13 Nov., 1899. "lie was a son of the artist Henry Inman (q. v.), and en- tered the U. .S. array, serving in the Indian wars from 1857 to 1869 and during the civil war, in which he was wounded. Capt. Inman was on the staffs of Gens. Custer, Sheridan, Sully, and Sykes, and was brevetted major and lieutenant-colonel. His principal works are " The Old Santa Fe Trail " (New York, 1897); "The Ranch on the Oxhide" (1898): and, in conjunction with William F. Cody {q. v.), " The Great Salt Lake Trail " (1899).
IRBY, John Laurens Manning, senator, b. in Ijaurens, S. C, 10 Sept., 1854. He was educated at the College of New Jersey and the University of Virginia, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1876. Since his retirement from the prac- tice of the law in 1879 he has resided on his plan- tation near Laurens. He was elected to the house of representatives of South Carolina in 1886, re- elected twice, and in 1890 was unanimously chosen speaker. He was chairman of the state Democrat- ic executive committee in the campaign of 1890, and in that year was elected as a Democrat to the U. S. senate for the full term, receiving 105 votes as against 42 given for Gen. Wade Hampton. Sena- tor Irby's term of service expired in 1897.
ISAACS, Abraham Samuel, editor, b. in New York city, 30 Aug., 1852. He is a son of Dr. Sam- uel M. Isaacs (q. v.), and was graduated from the LTniversity of New York, in which institution he is professor of German literature, and he is also rabbi of the Barnet memorial temple of Paterson, N. J., where he resides. Dr. Isaacs has since 1878 been the editor of the "Jewish Messenger," is in- terested in benevolent and educational work, and is a popular lecturer on literary topics. He has published " Moses Chaun Luzzatto, a Jlodern He- brew Poet," and " Stories from the Rabbis."
IVES, Brayton, banker, b. in Parmington, Conn., in June, 1840, and was graduated at Yale. He served in the civil war from adjutant to colonel of the 5th Connecticut infantry, and was brevetted brigadier-general in August, 1865. Two years later he settled in New York city as a stock-broker, and in 1873 became president of the New York stock exchange. He has been president of the Western national bank and of the Northern Pacific railway, and is now president of the Metropolitan trust company and a director in various corpora- tions. Gen. Ives possessed a valuable library, which included numerous literary treasures, such as the Gutenberg Bible of 1450-'5; the Columbus letter of 1493 in Spanish ; and the earliest folio Shakespeare, these three bringing at the sale of his collection, early in 1891. more than twenty thousand dollars. The illustrated catalogue of his library is a beautiful example of American typograiihy (New York, 1890).
IVISON, David Brinkerhoff, publisher, b. in Auburn, N. Y., 28 June. 1835. After an academic education he entered the house of Ivisou, Blakeman, Taylor & Co.. school-book publishers, founded by his father, Henry Ivison {q. v.). and in which he later became a partner, and eventually the
