returning to the army, was promoted brigadier-
general, he served at Fort Fisher, and was men-
tioned in reports for his gallantry.
LEVERING, Joshua, merchant, b. in Balti- more, Md., 13 Sept., 1845. He received a common- school education, and in 1860 entered into the coffee-importing business of his father, at first as an employee, but later as a member of the firm, conducting the business with his brother Eugene after tlie death of his father, in 1870. lie has taken an active part in religious and charitable enter- prises, serving as president of the board of trustees of the Southern Baptist theological seminary, at Louisville, Ky.. as vice-president of the American Baptist publication society, as president of the Baltimore Young Men's Christian Association, and in other offices of similar character. In poli- tics he held with the Democratic party until 1884, in which year he joined the Prohibition party. He was a candidate for state comptroller of Maryland in 1891. and in May, 1896, he was nominated for president, with Hale Johnson, of Illinois, for vice-president, by the majority or "narrow-gauge" section of the Prohibition party, at the convention held in Pittsburg, Pa.
LEWIS, Abrain Herbert, clergvman, b. in Scott, Cortland co., N, Y., 17 Nov., 1836. He was graduated at Milton college, and at Alfred uni- versity, and was pastor of Seventh-day Baptist churches. In 1868 he became professor of church history and homiletics in Alfred university, later he was general agent of the American Sabbath tract society, and in 1880 he became pastor at Plainfield, N. J. He has edited " The Outlook and Sabbath Quarterly " since 1882, and is an editorial contributor to The Philanthropist " and author of various leaflets in its " Social Purity Series." Dr. Lewis has published " Sabbath and Sunday " (Alfred Centre, N. Y., 1870); "Biblical Teachings concerning the Sabbath and the Sunday" (1884); " Critical History of the Sabbath and the Sunday in the Christian Church " (3 vols., 1886) ; " A Crit- ical History of Sunday Legislation from 331 till 1888 A. D."; "A Biography of the Puritan Sun- dav " ; and " Paganism surviving in Christianity."
LEWIS, James, actor, b. in Troy, N. Y., 28 June, 1840 ; d. in West Hampton, Long Island, 10 Sept., 1896. He made his first appearance on the stage at the Troy museum in 1858, later acting in Albany and elsewhere, playing in second comedy parts. He was with a company in Montgomery, Ala., when the war began, and, escaping to the north, played in various cities, making his first appearance in New York at the Olympic theatre. Three years he was engaged by Augustin Daly as leading comedian, continuing as such till his death. Mr. Lewis had a large repertory, and his acting exhibited remarkable versatility.
LEWIS, Lnnsford Lomax, jurist, b. in Rock- ingham county, Va., 17 March, 1846. He studied law at the University of Virginia, was common- wealth's attorney for Culpeper county in 1870-'4, soon afterward appointed U. S. district attorney for tlie eastern district of Virginia, and in 1883 was elected a judge of the state supreme court, be- coming the following year its president, in which olfice Judge Lewis still continues.
LEWIS, William, lawyer, b. in Edgmont, Chester co.. Pa., about 1750 ; d. in Philadelphia, 15 Aug., 1819. He rose to be one of the most: eminent lawyers of his day. During the Revolu- tionary period and for years afterward he was engaged in nearly all the important causes in Philadelphia, especially in cases of high treason, that city being, perhaps, the only judicial school in the country for the law of treason. He was much interested in the abolition of slavery in Pennsylvania, and is credited with having drafted the act of 1 March, 1780, for its gradual abolition. He served in the legislature, where he defeated an effort to impeach Chief-Justice McKean. In poli- tics he was a Federalist, and the friend of W iLsh- ington, whose two administrations he warmly supported. In 1789 he was commissioned U. S. district attorney for Pennsylvania, being the first under the constitution to hold this office, which he resigned to accept the judgeship of the U. S. district court for Pennsylvania. Upon law ques- tions of difficulty that arose in the executive de- partment he was consulted by Alexander Hamil- ton, the secretary of the treasury. The memorable argument of Hamilton, in 1791, upon the consti- tutionality of the bill to incorporate the subscrip- tion of the U. S. bank was read to Mr. Lewis be- fore it was sent to the president. In 1794 he was counsel tor the petitioners against the election of Albert Gallatin to the U. S. senate by the legisla- ture of Pennsylvania, and was heard before the senate, the first occasion on which this body opened its doors to professional counsel or to the public, in which cause he was successful.
LIGHTHALL, William Douw, Canadian au- thor, b. in Hamilton, 27 Dec, 1857, and was grad- uated at McGill univei-sity. He took the law course at the same institution, and, beingadmitted to the bar in 1881, he has since practised his pro- fession in Montreal. He is a student of Canadian history, one of the founders of the Chateau de liamesay museum, vice-president of the Society of Canadian literature, and was largely instrumental in securing the erection of the Maisonneuve monument of Montreal. Mr. Lighthall has pub- lished " Thought, Mood, and Ideal," a volume of verse (Montreal, 1887); "The Young Seigneur" (1888) ; " The False Repentigny, or the Life Guard of Marie Antoinette " (1889) ; and " Montreal after 250 Years " (1892). He has also edited " Songs of the Great Dominion " (Windsor series, London, 1889) and " Canadian Poems and Lays " (1891).
LIMANTOUR, José Ives, Mexican statesman, b. in the city of Mexico, 26 Dec, 1854. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1875. The following year he was appointed professor of po- litical economy in the national school of commerce, and in 1878 he filled the chair of international law. He was elected in 1888 representative to the con- gress of the union, and re-elected diilerent times, acting occasionally as president of that corpora- tion. The favorite study of Mr. Limantour has been political economics, in which he is a recog- nized authority. In 1893 he was appointed assist- ant secretary of the treasury, and in the following year was appointed secretary, which place he still occupies. His management of the treasury depart- ment has won him reputation at home and abroad.
LINCOLN, James Rush, educator and soldier, b. in Maryland, 3 Feb., 1845. He studied at Landon military academy and at what is now known as the Pennsylvania military academy. He removed to Iowa, and there was employed in the treasurer's office of Boone county. He also served as professor of military science and tactics and of mining engineering at the Iowa state col- lege. For eight years he held the position of inspector-general of the Iowa national guard. In the war with Spain he was commissioned briga- dier-general of volunteers, on 27 May, 1898.
LINCOLN, James Sullivan, artist, b. in Taun- ton, Mass., 13 May, 1811 ; d. in Providence, R. I., 18 Jan., 1887. At the age of fourteen he entered the
