capitulate, delivering arms and ammunition, and
returned to San Francisco by way of Mazatlan.
There Walker offered him a position with his
famous band, but Kaousset refused and went to
Jlexico, where he was at first well received by
Santa Anna, but hearing of the occupation of
Lower California by Walker, and the proclama-
tion of the republic of California by that adven-
turer, he returned in November, 1853, to San Fran-
cisco. Prom that place he sent re-enforcements
to Walker, but the latter having retired to the
interior of the peninsula they were captured at
Guaynias by the Mexican authorities, but released,
through the intervention of the commander of
the British sloop " Dido," on the claim that they
arrived on a British vessel. Many of them re-
turned gradually as emigrants, and were mustered,
together with other men sent by Kaousset, in a
battalion of foreigners organized by the aiithori-
ties for the protection of the state. In Jlay, 1854,
Raousset left San Francisco with about sixty ad-
venturei's, and on 1 July landed in Algodones,
near Guaymas. The same night he entered Giiay-
mas secretly, and, finding more government troops
than expected, tried to negotiate with the military
commander. Gen. Yanez, but was ordered to leave
Mexican territory immediately. Counting upon
the support of the foreign legion, he altacljed the
city next morning : but, notwithstanding the
French company of the foreign legion went over
to him, he was totally routed and his forces dis-
persed, only a few saving themselves on board the
vessel which brought them. According to the
Mexican account Kaousset was captured in the
mountains, but other authoi'ities assert that lie
took I'efuge at the French consulate, and was sur-
rendered by the vice-consul, upon the under-
standing that he should not be put to death. He
was nevertheless ti'ied before a court-nuirtial and
sentenced to be shot, the sentence being executed
without protestation from the consul, who had
been cautioned that papers found among Kaous-
sct's effects established the complicity of the
prince, then Napoleon IIL His works include two
manuscript dramas, " Bianea Capello" and " Les
Albigeois," and a novel, " Une conversion " (Paris,
1855). Raousset's life has been written by J. de
la Madeleine, " Le Comte Gaston de Kaousset-
Boulbon, sa vie et ses aventures" (Paris, 1855).
"Les Filibustiers de la Sonora," a drama repre-
sented at Paris in 1864, retraces also Raousset's
adventures in Sonora, which had likewise been
taken as a theme by prominent painters.
RAWLINS, Joseph Lafayette, senator, b. in Salt Lake county, Utah, 38 March, 1850. He com- pleted a classical course at the University of Indi- ana, but did not graduate. From 1873 until 1875 he was professor in the University of Deseret, Salt Lake City. In 1875 he was admitted to the bar, and after that he followed his profession, and is at present the senior member of a prominent lavr firm. Mr. Rawlins was elected to the 53d con- gress as a delegate, but was defeated for the 54t li. In 1897 he was elected to the U. S. senate for the six years' term, ending in March, 1903.
READ, Louis Wilson, surgeon, b. in Plymouth, Montgomery co.. Pa., 5 July, 1828. lie was edu- cated at Tremont seminary, and graduated in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1849. At the opening of the Crimean war he went to Europe and entered the Russian service as sur- geon, remaining during the war, and participating in the noted siege of Sebastopol. At the conclusion of the conflict he spent six months in the hospitals of Paris. Returning he settled in practice at Nor- ristown. Pa., where he speedily rose to high rank in his profession. In May, 1801, he tendered his services to the government, was apjKiinted surgeon of the 1st Pennsylvania reserves, and subsequently of U. S. volunteers. During his service, while at home on a visit, he was instrumental in saving the life of Gen. Hancock by extracting a bullet that other surgeons had been unable to find. In 1874 he became surgeon-general of the state. In 1877 he was appointed a commissioner for the erection of an asylum for the insane of the southeastern coun- ties of Pennsylvania, since established at Norris- town. Dr. Read is a member of the State medical society, the military order of the Loyal legion, the Society of the army of the Potomac, and of the Historical society of Pennsylvania.
READ, Ople Percival, author and editor, b. in Nashville, Tenn., 23 Dec, 1853. Aftor finish- ing his education in his native state he became a newspaper reporter in Franklin, Ky. Later he edited the Little Rock "Gazette," was subsequent- ly connected with the " Cleveland Leader," estab- lishing the " Arkansaw Traveler " in 1883, which gained him a great reputation. He resides in Cliicago. Among his literary productions are " Leu" Gansett " (Boston, 1888); "Up Terrapin River" (Chicago. 1889); "A Kentucky Colonel" (1889); '• Eramett Renlore " (1891); "Selected Stories " (1891) ; " Twenty-five Good Stories " (New York, 1891): "Miss Madam, and other Sketches" (1893); "A Tennessee Judge" (1893); "Wives of the Prophet" (1894); "My Young Master" (1896); and " Bolanyo" (Chicago, 1897).
REED, Caroline Gallup, educator, b. in Berne, N. Y., 5 Aug., 1831. She is the daughter of Albert Gallup, treasurer of Albany county, and was edu- cated at St. Peter's school and the Female academy in Albany. In 1851 she married the Rev. Sylvanus Reed, anil in 1864 established a school for young ladies in New York city. In 1883 this very suc- cessful school was incorporated under the laws of New York state as Reed college, so that the per- petuity of the establishment might be assured. Mrs. Reed was elected a member of the American geographical society in 1860, of the American as- sociation for the advancement of science, and of the New York genealogical and biographical society in 1883. She has published various valuable pa- pers, and before retiring from her .school issued regularly "circidars of information" upon sub- jects of general educational interest.
REICH, Jacques, artist, b. in Waniskoltz. Hun- gary, 10 Aug.. 1852. He was a pupil of William Adolphe Bouguereau and Robert Fleury, studied art in Budapest, and in 1873 came to the United States, where he continued his studies at the Acad- emy of fine arts in Philadelphia. He has devoted his time to drawing in black and white, and has executed numerous portraits in charcoal. In 1879 he went to Paris for the purpose of continuing his studies, and remained under the instruction of the above-mentioned masters for a year. Returning to Philadelphia, he turned his attention to draw- ing in pen and ink lor illustrating books, and to etching. In 1885 he came to New York and matle all the pen-and-ink portraits for Scribner's "Cyclo- [la^dia of Painters and Paintings," as well as nu- merous others for periodicals. Early in June, 1886, he began to execute the sixteen hundred vignette portraits for this work, to which task he gave al- most exclusive attention till it was completed in I)eceml)er, 1888. Eleven years later Mr. Reich pre- pared the portraits included in t lie present volume. He has al.so executed large etchings of Bryant, Lowell, Whittier, and other American poets.
