Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 7).djvu/57

which netted nine million reis. When Affonso VI. was forced from the throne in 1WJ~, and sent cap- tive to Tereeinv, Brito was ordered to convoy him thitlier. He refused to obey because of the regard he felt toward the king, ifis action in this matter event iiallr brought him misfortune in his old age. lie married a daughter of Pedro Alvarez C'abral, a direct dcsc-cnilaut of the discoverer of Brazil, and he hod one son, who was sent out as governor to Kio de Janeiro, where he died. Brito is best known by his " Nova Lusitania, historia da guerra Brasilica a f>urissima alma e savdosa mrmoria do sereni.ssimo princi|)e Dom Theodosio princi|)C de Portvgal, c princii)e do Bra.sil" (Lisbon, IBTo). It contains only the first decatle, book one treating of the dis(-overy and settlement of Brazil and Ixwks two to ten of the war between the Portuguese and Dutch, from 1623 to 16:«. The work is of great rarity, and is im|K)rtant Iwth as a bit of Por- tuguese literature and as a contribution to history, lie wrote al.so " Viageda armailadecompanhia do comniercio, e frotas do estado do Brasil. A cargo <lo general Francisco de Brito Freyre. Impressa por maixludo do el Hey nosso senhor. Anno 1<>.55." The work was probably printed at Lisbon, and the date of the imprimatur, 13 Apr., 16-'iT. may fix the date of printing. It is often lound bouml in as a part of the "Nova Lusitaiila."

BROOKE, Francis Key. P. E. bishop, b. in Gambier, Ohio, 2 Nov.. 18.'>2. He is a son of the Rev. .John Thomson Brooks, I). I)., rector of Christ church, Cinciniiali, and was graduate<l at Kenyon college, (Jambier, and later received the degrees of A. B. and A. M. He has been a clergyman of the Protestant Kpiso<>|ial church since is*5, having held the rectorship of several parishes in Ohio, of St. Peter's church. St. liouis, and of Trinity church. Atchison, Kan. He was consecratc<l missionary bishop of Okliitioma and Indian territory in 18JI3.

BROOKE, John Rutter. soldier, b. near Potts- town. Pa.. 21 .lulv. ISSM. He was ap|:>ointed ca(>- tain in the 4th Pennsylvania iMfantrr, 20 Aprd, 1861, ami was nius- tore<l out 26 Julv, 1861. <Jn 7 Not. fol- lowing he wa.t ma<le colonel of the 53(1 Pennsylvania infan- try ; he was promotol to brigailier-general of voluntecm on 12 Mav. 1864. He re- signwl, 1 Feb., 1866. and was appointeil lieutenant-colonel of the 371 h iiifanlrv. 28 July. 18<i6. He was transferred to the 3d Infantry, 15 .March,

1 8<5!(. was promoted

to colonel of the 18th infantry, 30 March, 1870, and was again transferred to ihe 3<l infantrv on 14 June following. He wils made a brigadier- general on April. 1888. Much of the time he was emplciyed uiM)n Ihe fnmtierand on the plains; in 18B7 he commanded ami conilucted successfully a detachment of six hundred cavalry and infantrj' rrcnilts on an overland march to New Mexico. When the war with Spain o[H'iu'd in 181»8 ho was put in command of the 1st anny-corps, with head- quarters at Camp Thomas, Chickiiiiiiiiiga i)ark, and he received the rank of niajor-gonorid of vol- unteers. He nccomjmnied (ion. .Miles upon the invasion of Puerto Rico as second in command. When Gen. Miles returned in August Gen. Brooke was left in command. He was also appointed, with Admiral Schley and Gen. Gordon, a com- missioner to settle upon the details of the evacua- tion of Puerto Rico by the Spanish troops. In Decomlicr he was appoinfe<l mditary governor of Cuba, assuming command the same month.

BROOKS. William Robert, astronomer, b. in Maidstone. England, 11 June, 1844. He came to this country in 1857. and settled with his parents in Darien, N. Y. When he was only fourteen years of age he constructed a telescope, and at the age of eighteen delivered his first astronomical lectures. Subsequently he was employed as a mechanical draughtsman, and invento<l various improvements in astronomical, photographic, and other scientific instruments. In 1870 he settled in Phelps, N. Y., where, in 1874, he founded and became the di- rector of the Re<l House ol)servatory. In 1888 he removed to Geneva, N. Y.. to take charge of Smith observatory. His work has consisted largely in the discovery of comets, and thirteen of these bodies have Ix-en credite<l to him since 1881, of which two were the first-observed return of the notable long-perioil comets of 1812 and 1815. He found two in 1885 and the first three that were discoveri'd in 1886, making a record of five comets within a perifnl of nine months, of which four were in .siicces.sion and two within four days. Three of these, bearing his name, were visible at the same time, which is unparallolcd in the history of astronomy. Mr. Brooks is a fellow of the .Vmeri- caii asiwx'iation for the advancement of science and a fellow of the Royal astronomical society of (treat Britain, and has won a number of prizes by his discoveries. He has lectured fre<|uently, and, besi<les rmners on his specialty, has published tK>ems, of which " Milton " and "The Pilgrim of Ijivorgno" have been widely copied.

BROWN, Addison, jurist. b. in West Newbury. Kssex CO., Mass.. 21 Feb., ISW. He was grudunted from Harvard in 1854, and from the law-school two years later. He was admitted to the bar. and prac'ti8e<l in New York city from 18.55 until he was api>ointed C S. judge for the southern district of New York. Judge Brown was forseven years presi- ilont of the Torrey Iwtanical club, also one of the originators and a s<-ientific director of the Now Viirk botanical garden, whos<' charter he prepared in 18)11. With Prof. N. L. Britton he wrote " Brit- ton ami Brown's Illustrated Floraof the Northern riiilod .States and Canada " (3 vol.s.. New York, 1896- '8), and he has contributed legal opinions in admiralty casos to the "Federal Reporter."

BROWN. Francis, clergvman, b. in Hanover, N. H.. 26 Dec, 1849. He was graduated at Dart- mouth in 1870, taught at I'ittsburg, Pa., in 187o-"2, was tutor in Greek at Dartmouth in 1872- '4. and was graduated at I'nion theological semi- nary. New ^ <irk city, in 1876. After studying two years in Oertnany he I)ecaine instnictor in biblical philology in Union theological seminary, associate professor of the same in 1881. and fufi professor in 1885. He recoivoil the degree of D. I), from Hamilton and Dartmouth in 1884. Prof. Brown is the author of " A.ssyriologv, its Use and Abuse in Old Testament Study" (New York, 188.')). He has edited "The Beginnings of History," by Francois Lenormant (1882). and with Prof. Ros- well I). Hitchcock (</. r.) "The Teachings of the Twolvo Apostles" (1884: roviseil ed.. 1885).

BROWN, George William, jurist, b. in Baltimore, Md., 13 Oct.. 1812: <1. nt hake Mohonk, N. Y.. 6 Sept., 18<M). Ho was graduated at Rutgers in 1831, studied law, and was admitted to the bar of his native city, attaining to the first rank