Page:Atharva-Veda samhita.djvu/345

From Wikisource
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This page has been proofread, but needs to be validated.
175
TRANSLATION AND NOTES. BOOK IV.
-iv. 15
in all the mss., and in SPP's text. Ppp. combines gargarā ’pām. The comm. declares gargara an imitative word (īdṛgdhvaniyuktāḥ pravāhāḥ), and the translation so renders it; as second pāda of the anuṣṭubh he reads avanīcīr (avanim añcanti, i.e. bhūmiṁ gacchanti!) apa sṛja; his first account of asura is as from as 'throw' (meghānāṁ kṣeptā). ⌊Discussed and translated, apropos of íriṇa, by Pischel, Ved. Stud. ii. 223.⌋


13. Having lain for a year, [like] Brahmans performing a vow, the frogs have spoken forth a voice quickened by Parjanya.

The mss. (except one of SPP's, which follows the comm.) absurdly read vā́tam at beginning of c; both editions emend to vā́cam, which the comm. gives, and which is also read in the corresponding RV. verse, vii. 103. 1. Ppp. has māṇḍūkā in d. In our edition, correct two printer's errors, reading saṁvatsaráṁ and brāhmaṇā́. ⌊Bloomfield discusses this vs. and the following, JAOS. xvii. 174, 179.⌋


14. Speak forth unto [it], O she-frog; speak to the rain, O tādurī; swim in the midst of the pool, spreading thy four feet.

Many of our mss. (P.M.E.I.H.K.) accent úpa ⌊cf. Prāt. iv. 3⌋ at the beginning. Ppp. reads māṇḍūki in a, and tāṁdhuri in b. The comm. defines tādurī as "she-offspring of the tadura," but gives no explanation of tadura. The verse is also found in a khila to RV. vii. 103, reading in a upaplávada, and in c plavásva. ⌊For 14, 15, see Weber, Berliner Sb., 1896, p. 257. As to metrical definition of 14, see vs. 8 n.⌋


15. O khaṇvakhā! O khāimakhā! in the middle, O tadurī! win ye rain, O Fathers; seek the favor (mánas) of the Maruts.

The verse (as already noted) is unfortunately wanting in Ppp. The first pāda is misprinted as regards accentuation in our edition, being marked as if the final syllables were kampa, instead of mere protractions. ⌊That is, the horizontal under the first syllable kha- should be deleted; and the signs above and below the two 3's should also be deleted. They are printed aright, kháṇvakā́3i khāímakhā́3i, in nāgarī, by Whitney, Prāt. p. 392, footnote, and on p. 400, and by SPP.⌋ Prāt. i. 105 quotes the words (with the two that follow) in its list of words showing protraction; and i. 96 points out that the final i in each is grave. The comm. says that the three vocatives (he quotes the stems as khaṇvakhā ṣāimakhā tadurī) are special names for kinds of she-frogs—which seems likely enough; the two former appear to involve imitations of croaking (but in LÇS. iv. 3. 18 the householder's female slaves are to call out hāimahā3, as they circumambulate the mārjālīya, filling new water-holders). SPP. (p. 598, note) asks why, if the words are vocatives, they are not accented simply kháṇvakhā3i khāí makhā3i—being apparently ignorant of the fact that a protracted final syllable is regularly and usually accented, without regard to any other accent the word may have (see Whitney, Skt. Gr. §78 a). Several of our mss. (E.I.H.O.Op.), and a couple of SPP's, leave the first syllable of each word unaccented. It would much help both meter and sense to supply hradásya (or else plavasva) after mádhye in b; the comm. either supplies hradasya or reads it in his text. All our mss., and our printed text, have at the end ichataḥ; SPP. follows the comm. and about a third of his manuscript authorities in reading ichata, which is doubtless the true text, and implied as such in the translation above. The comm. explains pitaras as pālayitāro maṇḍūkāḥ! SPP. regards him as reading mārutam in d, but this appears doubtful. ⌊The Anukr. scans 8 + 5: 8 + 8.⌋


16. The great vessel (kóça) do thou draw up (ud-ac); pour on; let