short crowded attenuate; l. complanate, not undulate, obliquely ovate-oblong, suddenly apiculate from broadish apex, faintly and shortly two-nerved; caps. roundish elliptical, tapering below, erect; lid large, obliquely rostrate: dioicous.
Trunks of trees, walls, &c. X.—XII.
548. N. crispa. Dill. St. 4-6in. pinnate, from a creeping rhizome; l. complanate, undulate, ovate-oblong or ovate-ligulate, somewhat obtuse and pointed, serrulate at apex, faintly and shortly two-nerved or singly nerved half way; caps. roundish ovate erect; lid with a long oblique beak: dioicous.
Mountainous rocks, trees. XI.—IV.
549. N. pumila. Huds. St. 1-2in. sub-pinnate, with slender flagellæ and short complanate branches; l. complanate undulate, ovate-oblong, tapering, apiculate or acuminate, somewhat concave, serrulate, margin recurved, shortly two-nerved or nerveless; caps. elliptical, erect, on a very short seta; lid with a short beak: dioicous.
Trunks of trees and rocks. X. XI.
550. N. Philippeana. Schp. Primary stem creeping densely pinnate, secondary ascending remotely pinnate; l. densely imbricate, complanate, strongly and elegantly undulate, ovate-lanceolate, sharply narrowed into a longer or shorter flexuose apiculus, nerveless; areolæ small linear. [Bry. Eur. v. 445. Schp. Syn. 471.] Possibly only a variety of N. pumila.
Bark of a young ash tree, Valley of Hirnant, Bala, N. Wales (Rev. H. H. Higgins), July, 1872, barren; Scotland.
551. N. pennata. Hall. St. 2in. pinnate, with complanate longer branches; l. complanate undulate, ovate-
