SCHLOR
545
SCHMID
Prussian province of Schlosvvig-Holstein (see Ger-
many, ViCAUiATE Apostolic of Northern).
.Sec bibliography in Kischer-Benzon, Kuliilou dtr Landexbihlio- Ihek fur ScUleswiy-fluLstein (Schleswig, 1S9()-9S); Quellensamin- luny der Geseltschaft filr schleswig-holstein-lauenburgiache Ge-
schichte (5 vols., Kiel, 1862 ); Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgische
Regesten und Urkunden (3 vols., Hamburg and Leipzig, 1886-96) ; Zeitschrift des Vereins fiir schleswig-holstein-lauenburgische Ge-
schiche (Kiel, 1870 ) ; Archiv fiir Stoats- und Kirchengeschichte
der Herzogtilmer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg (5 vols., Al- tona, 1833-43); Christian:, Geschichte der Herzoglumer Schles- wig und Holstein (4 vols., Flenaburg and Leipzig, 1776-79), con- tinued by Hegewisch and Kobbe (3 parts, 1784-1834) ; Waitz, Schleswig-Ilolsteins Geschichte (2 vols., Gottingen, 1851-52); Idem, Kurze Schleswig -Holsteinische Landesgeschichte (2nd ed., Kiel, 1898); Sach, Das Herzogtum Schleswig in seiner ethno- graphischen und yiationalen Entwicklung (3 parts, Halle, 1896, 1907) ; Jensen and Micheijsen, Schleswig-Holsteinische Kirchen- geschichte (4 parts, Kiel, 1873-79); Die Bau- und Kunstdenkmdler der Provinz Schleswig-Holstein, ed. Haupt (3 vols., Kiel, 1887-89) ; von Schubert, Kirchengeschichte Schlestvig-Holsteins (Kiel, 1907) ; Schriften des Vereins fiir schleswig-holsteinische Kirchengeschichte (Kiel, 1906).
Joseph Lins.
Schlor, Aloysius, ascetical writer, b. at Vienna, 17 June, 1805; d. at Graz, 2 Nov., 1852. After com- pleting his studies at Vienna he was ordained priest on 22 Aug., 1828, and placed as chaplain at Altler- chenfeld. In 1831 he was prefect of studies at the seminary of Vienna and at the same time took ad- vanced studies in theology, earning the degree of Do(!tor in 1832. Two years later he was appointed si)iritual director of the Frintaneum and chaplain at the Court and confessor to Emperor Ferdinand. He resigned his position in 1837, laboured as chaplain for the Germans at Verona, was then adopted into the Diocese of Seckau and made spiritual director at the priests' seminary in Graz. Here he spent the rest of his days, doing much for the reformation of the clergy in Austria, especially by the reintro- duction of s{)iritual retreats and by his writings. The principal of these are: "Warum bin ich Katholik?", published between 1834 and 1837; "Jesu mein Verhmgen", a much-valued prayerbook (1835, 7th ed., 1902); "Philanthropic des Glaubens, oder das kirchliche Leben in Verona in der neuesten Zeit", 1839; " Geistesubungen des hi. Ignatius" (1840); "Clericus orans et meditans" (1841, 1883)- "Der geistliche Wegwci.sor " (1842), to which is added an instruction showing how a priest can obtain a good library; "Der Kleriker in der Eiasamkeit" (1844, 1902); " Betrachtungen fiir Priester und Kleriker" (3 vols., 1847; 1900). His sermons were published in 1851, and a .special edition of his Lenten Sermons was issued in 1905.
Hist.-poHt. Blatter, V, 590; Linzer Quarlahchr. (1883), 886; (1884). 188; (1890), 431; Allgem. deutsche Biogr., s. v.; WuRZ- BACH, Biogr. Lex. des Kaisertums Oesterreich, XXX, 132; Hur- TER, Nomencl., II, 1163.
Francis Mershman.
Schlosser, John Frederick Henry, jurist, b. at Frankfort-on-the-Main, 30 December, 1780; d. there, 22 January, 1851. He studied jurisprudence at vari- ous universities, among others at Jena, where he en- tered into familiar relations with Schiller and Goethe. After receiving the degree of Doctor of Jurisprudence (1803), he settled at Frankfort as an advocate, later being api)ointed, by Primate Prince Dalborg, counsel of the municipal court (1806), counsellor for the high stihools and studies, and director of the grand-ducal lyceum (1812). On the dissolution of the Grand duchy of J^rankfort, Schlosser resigned his office, and in 1814 entered the Catholic Church with his wife Sophie (nee Du Fay). He was one of the represent- atives of his native city at the Congress of Vienna. He was later one of the most determined champions of the rights of the Catholic community in Frankfort, and successfully advocated the civil equality of every Christian denomination. Soon, however, he with- drew from public life, and after 1825 usually spent the winter in Frankfort, passing the summer at his coun- try seat, Neuburg near Heidelberg. As he was chari- XIIL— 35
table, hospitable, and free from all denominational
na.rrowness, and devoted himself whole-heartedly to
scientific undertakings (e.g. the Monumenta Ger-
maniie) besides possessing a fine artistic sense, his
home soon became a centre for the leading spirits in
literature, art, and science. With Goethe he re-
mained ever on terms of familiarity, and was his
zealous collaborator in the romance "Aus meinem
Leben". On the death of the great writer, Schlosser
began a "Goethe Collection", which later passed to
the ecclesiastical seminary at Mainz. He wrote:
"Die morgenlandische orthodoxe Kirche Russlands"
(Heidelberg, 1845); "Die Kirche in ihren Liedern
durch alle Jahrhunderte " (2 vols., Freiburg, 1851;
2nd ed., 1863). After his death his wife published
from his papers four booklets (1856-9), and Frese
published " Goethe-Briefe aus Schlossers Nachlass"
(Stuttgart, 1877).
Allgem. detUsche Biogr., xxxi (Leipzig, 1890), 541 sq.
Patricius Schlager. Schmalzgrueber, Francis Xavier, canonist, b. at Griesbach, Bavaria, 9 Oct., 1663; d. at Dillingen, 7 Nov., 1735. Entering the Society of Jesus in 1679 he made his studies at Ingolstadt, obtaining the doctorate both in theology and canon law. He taught humanities at Munich, Dillingen, and Neu- burg; philosophy at Mindelheim, Augsburg, and Ingolstadt; dogmatic theology at Innsbruck and Lucerne. From 1703 to 1716 (with an interruption of two years when he occupied the chair of moral theology) he was professor of canon law, alternating between Dillingen and Ingolstadt. He was twice chancellor of the University of Dillingen; for two years cen.sor of books for the Jesuits at Rome, and for a like period prefect of studies at Munich. His judgment and clearness in expounding questions in ecclesiastical jurisprudence cause him to be held in great esteem even to-day. His chief work, "Jus Ecclesiasticum Universum", first published at Ingol- stadt in 1817, underwent various editions, the last appearing at Rome (1843-5) in twelve quarto volumes. A compendium of this work was styled "Succincta sacrorum canonum doctrina " ; another, "Compendium juris ecclesiastici " ; both were published at Augs- burg in 1747. Grandclaude's work (Paris, 1882-3) is practically a compendium of Schmalzgrueber. Other writings are: "Judicium ecclesiasticum", "Clerus saecularis et regularis", "Sponsalia et matri- monia", "Crimen fori ecclesiastici", "Consilia seu responsa juris"; all appeared at Augsburg between 1712 and 1722.
Mederer, Annates Ingolstadiensis Academics, III (Ingolstadt, 1782), 142; de Backer, Bibliothique, ed. Sommervoqel, VII (1896), 795 sq.; Allg. Realencyk. (Ratisbon, 1886).
Andrew B. Meehan. Schmid, Christoph von, writer of children's stories and educator, b. at Dinkelsbuehl, in Bavaria, 15 Aug., 1768; d. at Augsburg in 1854. He studied theology at Dillingen, and, having been ordained priest in 1791, served as assistant in several parishes till 1796, when he was placed at the head of a large school in Thann- hausen on the Mindel, where he taught for many years. He soon began writing books for children, of which the earliest was "First Le.s.sons about God for the Little Ones", written in words of one syllable; next, a "Bible History for Children", a work which became very popular far beyond the confines of Bavaria; and, lastly, his famous stories for children. From 1816 to 1826 he was parish priest at Oberstadion in Wiirtemberg. In the latter year he was appointed canon of the Cathedral of Augsburg, where he died of cholera in his eighty-seventh year. In 1841 he began the publication of a complete edition in twenty-four volumes of his scattered writings. In the introduction he tells his readers how his stories were written. They were not composed for an unknown public, and in a mercenary spirit, but for children, among whom the
