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Haarlem, Diocbsb of (Hablemenbis; cf. C. £., Latulipe was bom at St. Anicet, 185d, ordained in
VU-^5a), a suffragan of tlxe Archdiocese of Utrecht Montreal, 1885, appointed titular Bishop of Cotenna
in Holland. Augustin Joseph Callier, bom at Fles- and vicar apostolic of Temiskaming 1 October, 1908,
singue in this diocese 20 May, 1849, for eleven consecrated 30 November following, transferred to
years vicar general, was elected bishop 11 Septem- Haileybury 17 January, 1916. In May, 1919, the
ber, 1903. Bishop Callier had been instrumental Diocese of Haileybury was divided and a portion
- f or many years in the erection of the new cathedral, of it erected into the Vicariate Apostlic of Northern
which is the glory of the diocese of Haarlem. The Ontario.
Catholics number 700,000. There are two semi- At the present time (1921) the Catholic popula-
naries with 120 and 300 students. The diocese tion of the diocese is approximately 41,633, divided
counts (1921) 261 parishes, 290 churches, 60 convents as follows: French-Canadian, 37,945; English spneak-
for men, 195 for women, 584 secular and 187 regular ing 2^31; Indians, 1427; and other nationalities,
priests, two colleges with 1091 students, 376 ele- 500. The diocese lost aprominent clergvman by
mentary schools with 84,490 pupils, 184 training the death of the Abb^ Wilfrid Gagn6, who was a
schools with 21,213 pupils, 5 inaustrial schools with victim of the forest fire 29 July, 1916. By present
1368 pupils. Thirteen Catholic papers are published, statistics there are 43 parishes, 45 churches, 27 mis-
The Government contributes to the support of sions, 18 convents for women, 55 secular and 4
all Catholic schools. regular clergy, 19 Brothers, 181 Sisters, 16 semi-
l^ophic writer b at ^t«dan> FrA on 16 ^g. - -^ |~ ^^A^^&iZ^Tl^%i^
SlkT4tft'er^ra'c"t!cisl SXiSlX 'a A^ong r^cl^^'^alrna^'fre'^rh^tSta
and in 1861 was appointed lecturer in zoology at ^ pnesis.
Jena, and full professor in 1865. The fruit of a Haiti (cf. C. E., VII-114b), a repi^blic embrac- voyage to Messma was a monograph on radiolaria ing the western portion of the island of Haiti, has which attracted considerable attention. Among the an estimated area of 10,204 sq. miles and a popu- many scientific studies by Haeckel may be cited lation of about 2,0(X),(X)0, ninety per cent of whom the well-known "Challenger," reports on "Deep^ea are ne^oes. The largest city, Port-au-Prince, has Medusae," "Radiolaria," "Siphonophorae," and an estimated population of 101,272; Cap Hai'tien "Deep-Sea Keratosa." Haeckel now came forward 18,952; Cayes 12,000; Gonaives 30,000; Port-de- as a champion of Darwinism and wrote his "Gen- Paix 10,000.
eral Morpnology of the Organism" (1806), which Education. — Public education is free, the country was followed in 1868 by his "History of Creation," being divided into 15 inspectors' districts. The and in 1874 by his "Evolution of Man." After sum alloted for public instruction amoimts to nearly 1896 Haeckel, wandering from the realm of biology, S1,000,(XX), but education is in an unsatisfactory became almost exclusively a vehement apostle state, especially in the small districts. In the of Monism and issued his "Riddle of the Universe," treaty between Haiti and the United States (1915) which was welcomed by the free-thinkers and the no provision was made for the Department of mass of untrained readers. This atheistic attack Education as there was for the sanitary and engi- was completely broken down by Father John neering departments. Although education is com- Gerard, S. J.'s "The Old Riddle and the Newest pulsory, there is insufficient money to maintain an Answer." In many of Haeckel's writings his dis- efficient system of education. The Catholics are regard for truth led him to manipulate facts to the most frequent benefactors and are doing by suit his theories, and in this way he succeeded in far the greater part of the work of education, in popularizing his theory of Evolution. But because the way of private schools under religious or parti- his hatred was reserved for religion, because his religious supervision. In 1918 there were 854 public forgeries were favorable to atheism and free- primary schools with 61,956 pupils, 29 secondary thought, because he denied free-will and yet advo- schools with 4816 pupils, 1 normal school, a school cated the emancipation of man from the fetters of of law and one of medicine with 102 students, dogma and morality, his dishonest methods were Economic Conditions. — ^The revenue of Haiti is condoned by the universities and the press in derived almost exclusively from customs paid in Germany, England, and America. There was a American gold on exports and imports. On 1 limit, however, to this prostitution of science in January, 1^0, the debt of Haiti consisted of gold the judgment of a few scientists, and finallv loans amoimting to 149,894,087 francs; the internal Haeckel's frauds were mercilessly exposed by Erich debt amounted to 12,918,080. The total interest Wasmann, S.J. A detailed expos6 of his deceit is of the foreign debt now due is 28,417,632 francs, contained in "Haeckel's Frauds and Forgeries," by In 1918-19 the revenue amounted to $5,115,930; Assmuth and Hull. the expenditure to 12,918,080. From 1 October,
-_ ., . _^ .TT V . 1^^®' to 30 June, 1920, the foreign trade of the re-
Hafleybury, Diocbsb op (Hailbtburenbis), in public amounted to $38,577,652 (imports, $17,117,- Canada, is suffragan to the Archdiocese of Ottawa. 608; exports, $21,460,044). In 1920 the exports to It was erected 31 December, 1916, from the Vica- the United States were valued at $8,973,534; the nate Apostolic of Temiskaming, the boundaries imports from the same country at $19,990,380. remaining the same. The present incumbent and Govern mbnt.— Haiti is a republic, with a con- first bishop of the diocese, Rt. Rev. Elie-Anicet stitution dating from 12 June, 1918. The legisla-
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