PBOVIDEKCE 618
On 25 April, 1912, the Rev. Austin Dowling, rector necting with the conventuai church has been built of the cathedral, was consecrated Bishop of Des at the mother-house. The cause of beatification Moines at Sts. Peter and Paul's Cathedral, Provi- of Mother Theodore (d. 1856) has been taken up denoe. On 29 Oct., 1916, Most Rev. John Bonzano at Rome by the Sacred Congregation. The Sisters dedicated St. Ann's School at Providence. Provi- conduct parochial schools and academies in the dence College was incorporated, 14 Feb., 1917, and Archdioceses of Baltimore, Boston, and Chicago, Bishop Hickey delivers the opening address, 18 and the dioceses of Indianapolis, Fort Wa3me, and Sept., 1919. In 1920 a drive was inaugurated to Peoria, also a college at St. Mary-of-the- Woods, pajr off the debt on the college, the amount realized four miles from Terre Haute, Indiana. In 1920 oemg $330,000. In January, 1920, the National they opened a house in East Ho-nan, China, being Council of Catholic Men was organized. This was the first American sisterhood to take up work in the first diocesan body in the United States to com- the foreign missions. Statistics for 1921 are: 1442 plete its organization. During the war 7 priests of professed Sisters, 106 novices, 30 postulants. 60 the diocese enlisted as chaplains, 11,646 men enlisted parochial schools, 15 academies, 1 college, 1 orphan- in the Army and Navy, 281 were killed or died of age, 2 day nurseries; 30,000 children, wounds or disease, 192 were wounded. The Catho-
lies of the diocese number about 275,000, of whom Provincial Coancils. — Provincial councils are
151,000 are Irish, 65,000 French, 37,000 Italians, to be held at least every twentieth year. Bishops
10,500 Poles, 10,100 Portuguese, 1100 Syrians, 1000 who are not subject to a metropolitan, abbots or
Lithuanians. Parishes and schools have been prelates nullius, archbishops without suffragans,
founded for the Catholic foreigners in the various must elect, after obtaining Apostolic approval, to
cities and towns of the diocese and many of them are attach themselves to a neighboring metropolitan
in charge of priests of their own nationality. The whose provincial councils they will assist at and be
Armenians are periodically served by an Armenian bound by. The metropoUtan should summon the
priest who hears their confessions and exhorts them bishops of his province at least every five years to
to attend the church for English-speaking Catholics, meet and consult about religious conditions and
There has been an extensive post-war development in prepare for the next council. Among those who
parochial school building. One school has already should be invited to and should attend provincial
been built, two are in actual process of construction, councils are prefects apostolic, cathedral chi^ptera
while plans for at least five more are under consid- or diocesan consultors, who are to be represented
eration. by two of their members selected by their college.
According to the statistics of 1922, the parish con- also superiors, of monastic congregations and tains: 96 parishes, 21 missions, 2 stations, 100 higher exempt clerical superiors residing in the churches, 2 monasteries and 4 convents for men, 49 province; of these only the prefects apostolic have convents for women, 218 secular priests, 54 regulars, a deliberative vote. No penalties are mentioned 38 lay brothers, 911 Sisters, 48 seminarians who are in the Code for a violation of the obligation to being educated in seminaries in other dioceses. The attend the councils. On the conclusion of the educational institutions are: 1 college, 14 teachers. 256 council the president is to forward the acts and students; 8 high schools, 40 teachers, 692 students decrees to the Holy See for examination by the (185 boys, 507 girls); 7 academies, 91 teachers, 1614 Holy Congregation of the Council; they are not to students (1189 boys, 425 girls); 46 elementary schools, be promulgated until approbation has been given. 547 teachers, 21,622 pupils; 2 industrial schools, 5 After promulgation, local ordinaries cannot dia- teachersj^ 118 pupils. The schools are not supported pense from the decrees unless for just cause in by the Government. The missionary works are the particular instances. In places subject to the Con- Catholic Missionary Society and the Providence gregation of Propaganda the regulations concerning Apostolate. The following mstitutions exist in the provincial councils should be observed, as far as diocese: 6 homes, 2 asylums, 2 hospitals, 6 day nur- possible allowing for altered circumstances; no senes. All the public mstitutions admit the ministry time for holding these councib, however, is laid of priests. Some of the institutions receive appropria- down, but their acts and decrees are to be submit- tions from the state. Organizations among the ted to Propaganda and not to the Congregation of cler^ are the Pia Umo Precum and Clergy Fund the Council. Society. The followin{|[ associations exist amon^ the
laity: National Catholic Council of Men, National Provision, Canonical (cf. C.E., XII-516a). — No
Catholic d^ouncil of Women, Queens' Daughters, one who has been elected^ presented or nominated
Daughters of Isabella. A Catholic periodical called foranyofi]ce,benefice,ordignity may take possession
the Providence Visitor" is published in the diocese. of it or interfere with its ^vemment or administra-
_^ . . -^ ^ ^ tion, before presenting his apostolic letters to the
Providence, Divine, Congregations of. See proper authorities. If he violates this canon, he
Divine Providence, Sisters of. becomes by the very fact incapable of acquiring the
Providence, House of. See Joseph Benedict S^,J^Kt^^h;> ^J^Jn'^Jl'*^ is to be suitably
CoTTOLENGO, Blesbed. puDished by the ordinary and compelled by spiritual
' penalties, even deposition if necessary, to give it up
Providence, Sisters of (St. Mary-of-the-Woods; Zh!!""^^ delay Chapters, commututies, and others
/.f r^ 1? YTT tif\'7A\ T^ikl ciofi^o ♦„!;« =r,X^I ^'^^ officially admit such a party before he has pre-
vows^The ,'^lu;^^;'Iut. m'oths isloSowed^y fhelK^^^^^^ ""iJ^LI^Z'T^Si^lh
a novitiate/of two yea^, at the end of which time ^^^^^ ^k'olr^T^'i^vSk^^^ ?hT^"plnln
"IT Vu ^^^^' ^ ^^""^ ?^ r''* "" Ti^'""^^ P-^" Formerly, in virtue of the Constitution 'Tlomanus
cedes the final and perpetual vows. The admin- Pontifex," the dignitaries and canons of the cathedral
istrative faculty of the congregation is an elective admitting a prelate under such circumstances incurred
body comprising a superior general and five assist- specially reserved excommunication, ants, a secretary, and a general chapter. In a
private audience given in 1913 to the superior gen- PiEemysl, Diocese of, of the Latin Ritb
eral. Mother M. Cleophas, Pope Pius A granted (Premisliensis; cf. C. E., XII— n532c), suffragan of
the privilege of Perpetual Exposition of the Lwow (Lemberg), in Galicia, formerly an Austrian
Blessed Sacrament, for which a special chapel con- province, which was included in the new Republic of
