III. Upper Lorraime. — After Lower Lorraine re- mnted to the former King of Poland, StatiuUiu eeived the name of Brabant, Upper Lorraine becama Leciineki, after whose death in 1766 it re\-ert«i tn known simply as Lorraine. The latt«r was split France. In the ecclesiastical jurisdiction a »
up amonK numerous small countsbips and the changes took place. In 1598 Duke Charles had tried
dioceses of Metz, Toul, and Verdun, which from to erect a biahoprio at Nancy for his duchy; but in
early times had been immediate fiefs of the empire. 1602 only a collegiate chapter was established there.
The histoiT of these bishoi^rics is the history of the In 1 778 the episcopal See of Nancy was really founded,
Church in Lorraine, Ueti being the centre and head of and the bishop received the title of Primate of Lor-
the whole ecclesiastical organization. The larger, raine. At the same period the See of Saint-Die was
southern, half was under the jurisdiction of the See of founded, while that of Toul was abolished in 1790.
Toul, The secular power was conferred by Emperor By the division of France into departments, in 1790,
Henry III, in 1048, upon the wealthy Count Gerhard tho"ProvinceoftheThreeBishoprics", asithadbeen
of Alsace, ^Thoae descendants reigned there for seven known since 1552, with the Provinces <M^ Lorraine and
hundred years. Under Emperor Otto I Uie mona»- Bar, were divided into the depart.mente of Hoaelle,
teries were reformed by Bishop Albero I (928-C3). Meurtbe, Vosges. and Heuse. The juriedictiona of
Stephen, of the powerful house of Bar, Bishop and Saarwerden, Hcroitzhcim, and Diemeringen, for the
Carainal of Hets l]20-fi3, brought the newly-founded most part Protestant, became incorporated with the
Premonstratensian and Cistercian Orders into the denartmentsof the Lower Rhine in 1793.
country. Complete political rest never really ejtist«d. IV. Aitbr 1871, — By the Peace of Frankfort, 10
When not repelling the attacks of France, Lorraine May, 1871, France was obliged to cede to Gennaoy
was occupiea with intestine wars, either among the from this Province the Department of Heurtiie and
spiritual principalities mentioned above or among the the arrondissements of Saarburg and Ch&teau Salins.
Counts of Bar, Bitsch, Vaudemont, and other tern- The German Lorraine of to-day comprises, of the old
poral lords. Besides, the dukes were, as a rule, in- province of that name: Metz, with the Pa^ Ueasin,
volved in the quarrels of the German suzerain and also the temporal possessions ot the old Bishopnc of Heta;
took part in the Crusades; for piety and devotion to E^rts of the Duchy of Luxemburg; parts of the upper
the Church distinguished most of them, in Bpit« of Rhine district; the former imperial Margravat^ t^
their warlike character. Pont-a-Mousson and Nomency: the imperial Prind-
Duke Theobald 11 (1304-12) at a meeting of the paiilies of Pfalzburg and Lbdieun; half of the Count- Diet settled the rights of inheritance upon his female ship of Salm; the jurisdiction of the Abbey of Gone; H well as male descendants. Isabella, daughter of ^e Lordship of Bitsch; further, the royal fiefs ao> Charles I, accordingly mounted the throne m I43I, (luired from the See of Metz; Blamont, Saarburg, and, with her, her consort Reai of Anjou and Bar, Saareck, Soaralben, Hombui^, cl«. In order to bii^ who brought the lastr-named duchy to Lorraine, the ecclesiastical into harmony with the political 'When thisfemale line becameeztinctm 1473 themoie boundaries, Nancy, in 1874, surrendered eishty- three line of Vaudemont succeeded under Ren^ II (1473- parishes of the district of Chfiteau-Salina and one hun- 1508). HesuccessfuUy defended his country against dred and four of the Saarburg district (aggregating Charles the Bold of Burgundy (1477), and to his 106,027 souls) to the Diocese of Mets. In 1871 the maternal inheritance of Lorraine, Bar, Pont-A-Mou^- new limits of Lorraine included 451,633 Catiiolics, eon, and Guise he united the dignities received from 13,407 Protestants. 176 other Christians, and 629 who his father — Vaudemont, Joinville, Aumale, Mnyenne, profo?-- other religions.
and Ellxeilf— and kept up Anion's pretensions to „('"Ev«iEr,;/M(f,(Ve ii< iorrpme (Bnisaela, ■. d.): Ciurar.
Naples and Sicily Ren^lf, by/orcmetheejectionof ^^Jtl'lfril^'^/r'^'^'^.^^rrXV^^'^^ri^^^^^
his uncle Henry II as bishop m 1484, brought the ad- Sumux (4 volg., Nnncy. 177e-S3): Wilui-r. Dit EnutehmtQ
ministrationoftheSeeof Metz to the House of Lor- da HrnogiumM Loihnnam (Gouiu™, isp)' BimofT. ia
r»ine,andBishopJohniyofVaudemont(1518^3and ^i^^i^^ttn-^A^^^W^i^di
1548-50), as Cardinal of Lorrame and papal legate for Laminr it da trail dirMi (Niaey.
that country, united in his own hands Bar and the "Jf.<>fi"^"^_^'!^^'?r"™'
prindpalitJM of Metz, Toul, and Verdun, the episcopal ^^* f,t™. />« *«(™A,i.^. power over Toul, Terouannc, Narbonne, Die- Valence,
Verdun, Lucon, Reims, Alby, Lyons, Agen, and ip~y;^;^V"^ •^""•i"- "■ y,-T;""-'^l ^■„"i""j-
N«te; ..„1 ™ Abbot of Go.. F&, 6my, |Jjri,'SS|.' teKSA^?^"™^
Uarmoutier, Samt-Oucn, and Saint-Mansuy. GiaJiichttLatliriniienal2 voli., wirabuJoi, lOOi). — Feriodimta;
The Reformation, after being forcibly averted by AnnaietderEif{S»BeT'ad¥tayi.\887~-h VAuilrant (ileti.
p»k, Anton (1K«M41, obt.inrf . tr.n.itoy. f«*. iS^li/SS^^^°ai'SUSfS'riT,'fiiri;J-
hold only m a few ot the eastern districts, and m the moiVei t* OucumeWj dt h Sac tfArrh. Li,rr, (Nancy, 3849-73):
seventeenth century it was constrained to give way -R<T«e'«n«(wi«iIe Af(i«(JIeii, 1890 — ).
entirely to Catholicism. In 1552 the great French ^^^^ l"l>l«'B'op>"*a "'"I" A.a*cE-LoRnAiNK; Wrrx;
encroachments recommenced, when Henry II, as the Otto Haittio. ally of the German Protestant princes, annexed Metz,
Toul, and Verdun, and Lorraine itself was occupied LOTBCb Abbe? (Lacrebhamense HoNASTERimi),
until 1559. At that time the spiritual life received a called also Laurissa and LAtmESHAM, one of the most
new stimulus under Bishop Henry III of Metz (1G12- renowned monasteries of the old Franco-German Em-
K) through the erection of monflflteriesof Benedictines pire, is situated aliout ten miles east of Worms in the
atSaint-BarbeiCfumelitesatMclz; Minims at Dieuze, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Germany. This abbey woa
Nomeny,ond BQssing;CapuchinsatVic,Dicdenhofcn, founded in 764 by Count Cancor and his widowed
Saarburg, and Bitsch; and Jesuit houses at Metz and mother Williswinda. Having built a chureh and
Buckenheim. St. Vincent de Paul interested himself monastery on their estate, J.aurissa, they entrusted its
inthedistrictswhichaufferedsoscverelv in the Thirty government to the care of Chrodegang, Arehbishop^
Years' War. By the Peace of Wcstpnalia, in 1648, Metz. This well-known and saintly prelate dedicated
Bfetz, Toul, and Verdun were formally ceded to the church and monastery in honour of St. Pet«r
Franco, which had rcHx;cupicd the Duchy of Lorraine the Apostle, and became its first abtxit. The pious
in 1632, and by the Treaty of 1661 territory was ceded founders enriched the new abbey by further aona-
to Louis XIV, which thus secured to him a passage tions. In TOGChrodeRangresicned the office of abbot
■cross Lorraine to Alsace, In 1697, by the Peace of owing to his other imfwrtent duties as Arehbishop of
Ryswick, he gave the duchy to Duke Leopold Joseph Metz. He then sent his brother Gundeland to Lorsdi
(1S07-17Z9). Inl738, by the Peace of Vienna, it was aa his successor, with lourteenBenedictiDemonka. To
