WiPKTP
517
]yi4nnTT>
Philip III, the work of Juaa de Bologna. The MinU- a handsome building, badly lighted, and c
trv of State dates from Philip IV and the town hall masterpieces of nearly ali the Bchools of painting aiul
with itfl fine staircase is a aeventeenth'Century etruc- sculpture of Europe. The early Spanish School is
turo. The Palacio del Congreso, where the deputies represented by Gallegoa; Pedro Berruguete, Motalei.
meet, is a Corinthian building dating from 1860. The El Greco, and Ribera (predecesaor of Velasquez and
Plaza de Oriente, the largest square in Madrid, has a Murillo) are also represented. Velasquea, a native o(
handsome fountain adorned with bronie Uons. This Seville, went to Madrid in 1623 where ne died in 1660,
squaredateefromthereignof JoeephBonapart«(1808). and his maflterpieces are to be seen in a aaia of the
Tlie Royal Exchange and Bank of Spain are modern Prado: "Las Menifias", "The Forge of Vulcan", "Los
but impoBinx buildings. The R^af Palace, a laise Barrachos, "Laa Laneas". The Prado contains
rectan^dar building designed by Sacchettj, overlooks Murillo's "Holy Family", " The penitent Magdalen",
the Manianares and commands a view of the whole "TheAdorationof theSiepherdB .etc. ^mongltalian
town. Before the twelfth century a moonsh AlcAiar ^intors there are works by Fra Angelico, Mantegna,
Ltood there and a palace was built on the site by Raffaele, Del Sarto, Corregio, Tintoretto, Veronese,
HeniT IV from designs by Herrera. This structure T5ti8n. There are examples of Van Eyck, a Van der
was destroyed by fire in 1738, and the present build- Weyden, aMemlinc, aHolbeia.andaboutSOpaintinHi
ine was then erected at a cost of 115,000,000. It is b_y Rubens, who visited Madrid in 1628. The colleo-
biult of granite and faces the south. The main stair- tion of paintings in The Prado rivals even that of The
case is of black and white marble; the throne room Louvre, and artists from every country are to be seen
has paintings by Tiefolo; there is a hall by Gasparini; studying or copying its masterpieces. Its treasures
and the royal chapel has painting by Mengs aiui con- include twoecore Murilloe, ~'~~ ~ tains the font j
which St. Dominic
was baptiBcd. An-
other royal palace
is La Grsnja (4000
feet above sea-
level), the grange or
farm, astunmer resi*
dence in view of the
Guadarrama moun-
tains. It was built
from the
brush of El Greoo.
much of the work oi
Ribera {a decidedly
though he Uved be- tween 1588-1656), and a whole »aia devoted to Velaa- quez. There too is to be seen the woik of Antonio MoTo,
Camcn or Sax JbbAmiu
of the
Spanish School of
portraiture, wfaoae
Minting of Mary
Tudor of Englaoa,
wife of Philip II of
Spain, is of pecuUar
interest. Among
other glories of The
Prado are Rubens
and Goya . This as-
semblage of canvases
of all the great
masters of painting
of the most famous
cially as San Ilde-
fonso. Its park and
fountains are fa-
mous. £1 Pardo, a
royal shooting box,
6 miles from Madrid
has Gobelin tapes-
tries after designs by
Teniers and Goya.
Aranjuei, 30 miles
from Madrid, is an-
other royal pabce,
famous for its gardens (Garden of the Primavera) and makes The Prado collection o . .
for its paintings by Mengs, Maella, and Lopei. (See and valuable in the world. The Museo do Arte Mo-
also EacoRiAi,.) dema has many pictures by conl«mporary artists, and
In the neighbourhood of the Royal Palace, Madrid, much statuary. The Real Academia de Bellas Ariee,
is the upper house of the Cortes, the House of Senators, built in 1752, has also a valuable picture gallery.
The Senate consists of 80 members who are senators There are moreover Academies of History (1738),
m their own right, 100 membeis nominated by the Science (1847), and Medicine (1732), and a Naval
crown, and 180 members elected by state cotpoTations, Museum (1S56).
including ecclesiastical bodies, for 10 years, one half The fint public libmry in Madrid was the Saa
renewable every S years. The House of Deputies is Isidro, founded by the Jesuits, and containing 60 000
nominally composed of one deputy to every 50,000 volumes. The National Library was built m 1712;
inhabitants; he must be over 25 years of age, and is it has many editions of "Don Quixote", a Visi^othie
elected for a term of 5 years. In all there are 406 work of the tenth century and the "Siete Partidas"
deputies. Neither senatois nor deputies are paid for of Alfonso the Wise. The library of the Royal
their services to the nation. Sulirage is the ri^t Academy of History has many valuable books &ad
of every male adult who has arrived at the age <A MSS.
35 years (Law of 26 June, 1890), and who has re- Francisco de Quevedo Villegas, poet and pron
sided witlun a munidraUtyforat least 2 years. The writer, was bom in Madrid in 1580, and studied
king's civil list is Sl,900,000; and the queen has a at Alt^^ His works have been collected in 3 vtAa.
state allowance of $90,000 annually. in "BibUoteca de Autoree EspaQoles". His "Vi-
Adjoining the Royal Palace is the Royal Armoury sions" were translated into English in 1688 and re- where the student can view if not the evolution at publisliedin 1715. Calderon lived in the Calle Mayor, least the highest expression of the armourer's craft, or Calle de Almudena, and Lope de Ve^ was lionl It contains the masterpieces of the Caimans of Augs- there (1562). There is a monument to Calderon by burg and the Negrolis of Milan. Historically, per- Figuiras in the Plaza de Santa Ana. The first part hapw less valuable than that of the Tower of Lon- of Cervantes' masterpiece, " Don Quixote ", was pub- don, in magnificence the Madrid coUection is rivalled lishcd in Madrid in 1605. He died in 1616 and there onlyby that of the Imperial Armoury at Vienna. The is a monument to him in the Plaza de las Cortes. The National Muaeum known as Museo del Prado from first newspaper was the " Gaceta de Madrid " printed deKignt by Villanueva, dates from tlie reign of Charles in 1661 : at first it appeared annually, but in 1667 III, and was completed under Ferdinand VII. It is every Saturday; later it was issued twioe a w«^
