lULUU Bi
XV agree in this way, tliat both absolutely forbid any aign Marine even the least semblance of aupentition, but allow those which are In general use for the sake of adornment, of good manners, and bodily cleannees, without any respect to religion."
The most difficult point retained was the twelfth article, commandinK the miwionaries to administer the sacraments to the sick pariahs in their dwellings, publicly. Though submitting dutifully to all pre- cepts of the Vicar of Christ, the Jesuits In Madun could not but feel distressed, at esperlencing how the last, especially, made their apostolate difficult and even impossible amidst the "JPPer classes of Hindus, At their raqueat, Benedict xlV consented to try a new Bolution of the knotty problem, by forming a oand of iniBsionaries who should attend only to the care of the ^iriahs. This scheme became formal law through the Constitution "Omnium sollicitudinum", published 13 September, 1744. Except this point, the document confirmed again the whole regulation enacted by Clem- ent XII in 1734. The arrangement sanctioned by Benedict XIV benefited greatly the lower classes of Hindu neophytes; whether it worked also to the ad- vmntl^ of the mission at large, is another question, about which the reports are less comforting. Be that M it may, after the suppreasion of the Society of Jesua (1773), the distinction between Brahmin and pariah inisBiuiBries became extinct with the Jesuit roission' arie*. Henceforth conversions in the higher castes were fewer and fewer, and nowadays the Christian Hindus, for the most p^, belong to the lower and lowest classes. The Jesuit missionaries, when re- entering Madura in the year 1838, did not come with the dress of the Brahmin saniaisy, Uke the founders of the mission; yet they pursued a design which NobiU bad also in view, though he could not carry it out, as they opened their college of Negapatam, now at Tri- ohinopoly. A wide breach has already been made into the wall of Brahminic reserve by that institution, where hundreds of Brahmins send their sons to be taught by the Catholic miasionaries. Within recent years, about fifty of these young men have embraced the faith of their teachers, at the cost of rejection from theircaste and even from their family; such examples are not lost on their countrymen, either of high or low
Bbrthand, La Uittion du Uadurt ^aprtt da docwnetU imidih (4 vols., PuiB.184S-S4): JevEHcics. HUloHa SoriaaHs Jesu Pan Quinla, 11 (Rome. 1710). 403-500; Cordara, A<*- H.™ Socirtatii Jriu Fare Sala, I (Rome, 1750). 198-lflB, 310- 814; LdtmiM^ateirtcurirutitimtea da Million' Etrangtra i>ar DiM^ouM MianttrvtaireK lie la Uompagnv de Jitua, 5"* Hbrics tPan8,1705).Z,rtfr(i7uP. Mailin. I j^nt.;700(on Nobilietr.): «* acrioi (Paris, 1707J, L^Tt duP. Mauduil. I Jan.. nOB (od tlu uo mistiou of the Kamatic); Prat. Hii^in du B. Jain rfiBnllo (Puris,lSS31; 8uad, ^u Wodure: Brahma H Pariahi in Eludci (20 Iilsrch. 1909J, B53-Sa:i. this paper hivcs some wdracUi from the Annual LriJtri of the mission of Madura, 1843-40; tomtitution Romana Scdit AniiMn in J<^rit FoiUi- Jlci'i dt Propa(/anda Fide euro R. de Martinii, I, t. I (Home. ISSS), 15-17; DE Backkh-Somiiehvodei., Bibtiothi^ue det mrivaim de la Compagnie de Jttat. v, 1770-1780. s. v. NobUi.
CorutitutioD Omnium loUicUadinum tit BbnedictXIV, oou- tainiDg also the Decree of TorRSOHUxlthedeouiDiuof Cleu- imtXT.Bbnedict XIII. and Clement XII in Jwi* PoiH. de Prop. P., pt. I, t. HI. I IS, and in CoUectanea S. Congreeationit de Propaganda Fide (Rome. 1893), 714-734; «*e bI»0 in the latter coflectioa the anEweri and instmctiotiB of the Prapa- aanili on the name matter; Lainei, Dtlentio Indiearam miieiimum. Madumifi, ncmpe. Maueuren^ rt Camilmri., «Iilo or-rationt Dtcrtii ab III-' D- Patriareha AnHadieno D. CanlBMai/larddrTavmonVitilalorrApaeloIicoinlndiieOrien- taJiftai (linme, 1707); Bbanuouni. Giialificaiione drl praticalo tin- era da' Reliaiosi della Compaania di Gtaii arUe Mimiani del Madunv. Jl/nuMur e Camate fBome. 1724): Lt;cino. Ragioni propoile td enaminaii a /avare dtt Derrelo pMicalo dal Sig" Car- diaale di Tournnn, Committario ri Virilaiiire Anaelolifo nm polrit/i di Ltaalo a latere, in FuduKtH. li i Luglia. 170i. per U MieeiBni di Madurf. Mayteur t Camale! lu It falH conJiMli dal Padre Laynez c i*i( Padre Brandotini della Conpagnia di <ii'mu.- apQBte per commando delta Contrrrgmione particolore tmula nmnit CE~ Sig- Cardinnle Imperiali (Rome, 1725); IiiFii. Eiame a Difrea del Decrelo pubblicalo in Puducitni da Momianor Carlo Tommaio di To^mon . . . (Rome. 1728): IBitANj..,i.iM), Ri.,.o«(o atti aetute doit al praticato tin' ora da' R'bgion delta C" diOirtfi. nelle Mietioni d*J Madurt^.Mayitur tCanale. in duelibtidirtrti dal S— P. Fta Luigi Matia LvciM,
18^3; Erphealiin
ie, nt6)\ IVillehuaiilib), Antcdolet tur ftlal J* la
ma la Chine.. Cotd^natit I' huloire da Supeniiiion* da
'■' (Parts. 1734), 1-17; Dicrtl de Mar. de Tovnum.
■ m dii dirrt de U. U Card, de Townonjiar wi
»._..„..,.„...„.. Sndri,SA-lMi;Biirttildii livre intiiiM: Eiamen
M dijen.'v da Dttrii He. par te I. R. P. Laiti* Maria Lueino. The
AhkcUh. a Juueaiat work, b e^ce«dinsly btaaed acainrt the
Jesiiil^i and still more the vaaXA-bt Htilone Utmmrm ol Cubel
Pahisot ialiai Abb£ Puatbi, sometime Fatsbe NnEBBiT.
Capdchin), which cams out, under vbivIiir tttlos, Hirt to cat
valume (Luecs. 1742). then In 2. 4. 8 volumn, id Fimeb and in
Italian (Luoca, 1744, 174S, 1760) , lut in utdq voIuidm (Liiboo.
17061; (PatODii-lktI, LeUrti k M. rEttme de siir le ti'tn
duP.Norbert (17451; Itnl. tr. la RaccoiCa d'Apoloaic luBa dol- ttina • conduUa dfRk. PP. deOa C^ di OetH. t. Vn (17a0). »d. info], 1, 10-50(1782); FrOL* In Kin*enlexikim.a. v. PariKH: KiRBca, £ur OeaehicMe dir Ctntur iervng da P. S'orberl in TiroIoguchB QuarlolKhrifl. LXXXVI (TQIlirinn. IB04). S^ir- 378; IDBU, Pap^ BenaM XIV imd snne BilSn baO^ith drr ehinteieektrt md fialaliariKJun (MrducAt In Th. QwaUcA. LXXXUI (TatHDOBi, 1901), 374-388. (3n the Ute(t period;
LAUMAt, ffJatoiiiiaM mis»toMder7n<fe,PondicWnr. ifafi-
Catnbataur. I (Paris, 189S1: LMra ■-
(02); D,
). 320-3
by Dbhtband (Paris. I8M};
, , , ftSfl-lflOl); SOAD. VIndi
ButANN. tndiicht Pahrten, It (Fwl- iO.
Joseph Bbockzb.
Mtlucft, DiocESB OF (Malacensis), comprises the
southern portions of the Malay Peninsula, otherwise
known as the Straits Settlements. It includes Singa-
pore Island, the Malacca territory nroper. Province
Wellealey and Penang Island, the Negri Sembilon,
Seluigor, Perak, Kedan, Fohang, KelautBxi,aDd Treog-
ganu difltricts— -an area of about 400 miles north to
south, and 200 east to west. Although outside India
proper, the See of Malacca is suffragan to Pondicberry.
The CalhoHc population is reckoned at about 28,000
out of a total ot about 1,800,00(}. Both bishop and
cler^, as in all the other dioceses of the Pondicheiry
province, belong to the Paris Society of Foreign His-
sions. The priests number forty-two, having charge
of fifty-seven churches and chapels. Beaides those
there are five rehgious communities for men (Brothers
of the Christian Schools) , and seven for women (Dames
de St-Mam\} The cathedral is at Singapore (Cathe-
dral of the Ciood Shepherd). There Is a college for the
education of native clergy at Penang. The mission
possesses 49 schools, in which 6660 children are edu-
HisTORT. — Malacca was erected by Pa.ul IV into a diocese under the Portuguese Patronage in 1557, and so continued till 1838, when, by the Brief "Multa Prfflclare"iuriedictiorfwa8withdrown from the see and transferred to the Vicariate Apostolic of Avs and Pegu (Burma), But the clergy of this vicariate bdng insufficient to cope with the work, the whole Malay Peninsula was in 1840 placed under the jurisdiction of the Vicar Apoatohc of Siam, with a view to its erection into a separate vicariate. This was effected by the Brief "Universi Doniinici Gregis" ot 10 September.i 1841. First called Western Siam, and then the Vicari- ' ate Apostolic of the Malay Peninsula, it was on 10 August, 1888, elevated into a diocese, the old See of Mabcca being revived by Leo XIII, and by a subse- quent decree made suffragan to Pondicberry. Rt. Rev. Edouard Gasnier, who had been vicar ApostoUc from 1878, was appointed the first bishop. He was succeeded in 1896 by Rt. Rev. Ren« Fte (1896-1904). The present bishop is Rt. Rev. Emil Barrilon.
WadnuCoMoiieDiVtttorvdOOO); Ladnat. Htit eftiAttled* la Boc dee Mitnom-Elrangfra (3 vols.. Paiu. 1894); Idem, AeatdaMiai<me(fiaia). „ „
Ernest R. Hull.
UalMbiw (Hebrew M^'aiMi, one of the twelve minor prophete.
I. pEBeoNAOB AND Na*! E.— It IS the Ust book of Um collection of the twelve Minor Prophets which is in- scribed with the name of Mnlachias. As a result, the author has long been regarded aa the last of the ca- nonical prophets of the Old Testament. All that is known of him, however, i9 summed up in the_t«nor of his preaching and the approximate period of bis uuuis-
