approached the subject from its biographic or literary side. He is led to take a curious interest in portraits of historic or literary characters. He is induced to buy a portrait of his favourite poet. He finds later that there are several other portraits, some of which are rare, of the same person. From this starting point he begins to take an interest in engraving. Or maybe the desire grows upon him of adding a few illustrations to a biography. The man who wishes to insert the portrait of the author in a novel is possessed of the same instinct, although he may not recognise it.
This taste is known as "Grangerising," and has its devoted and indefatigable band of votaries. It derives its name from the Rev. James Granger, Vicar of Shiplake, Oxfordshire, who published in 1769 a "Biographical History of England," in which he strongly urged the value of a collection of engraved portraits. The littérateurs of his day bought unbound copies of this work, and commenced to collect engraved portraits with which to illustrate it, This craze of extra-illustration has grown to such an alarming extent that it has brought its followers into disrepute, because they are credited with playing many vandal tricks to other volumes in order to add illustrations to their own. Boswell's "Life of Johnson" has always been a favourite subject for "grangerisers," and there is a "Pickwick" extended to fifty quarto volumes! Messrs. Macmillan recognised this love for authentic portraits when they produced their illustrated edition of Green's "Short History of the English People," and Messrs. Bell, in their new illus-
