"History of the Intellectual Development of Europe" will give an idea of this achievement:
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Interior of Mosque, Cordova.
Scarcely had the Arabs become firmly settled in Spain than they
commenced a brilliant career. Adopting what had become the
established policy of the Commanders of the Faithful in Asia, the
Emirs of Cordova distinguished themselves as patrons of learning,
and set an example of refinement strongly contrasting with the
condition of the native European Princes. Cordova under their
administration, at the highest point of their prosperity, boasted of
more than two hundred thousand houses, and more than a million
inhabitants. After sunset a man might walk through it in a
straight line for ten miles by the light of the public lamps. Seven
hundred years after this time there was not so much as one public
