BULLHEAD 234 BULOW is generally left unharmed because it is said to purify rather than to pollute the waters in which it lives. BULLHEAD, various fishes having large heads. The river bullhead, a spiny finned fish, cottus gobio. It is called also the miller's thumb and the tommy lugge. It has a broad and flat head, the preopercle with one spine, the body dusky clouded with yellow, the belly whitish. Its length is about four inches. The bullhead in this country is confounded with the catfish. The fish genus aspidophonis, of the same family triglidx. A. europseus is the armed bull- head. BULLION, uncoined gold and silver in bars or in the mass. United States standard bullion contains 900 parts of pure gold or pure silver, and 100 parts of copper alloy. The coining value of an ounce of pure gold is $20.67183, and the coining value of an ounce of standard gold is $18.60465. The coining value in standard silver dollars of an ounce of pure silver is $1.2929, and the coining value of an ounce of standard silver is $1.1636. BULL BUN, or BULL'S BUN, a stream in Virginia, dividing Fairfax and Prince William counties, in the N. E. part of the State, and flowing into the Occoquan river 14 miles from the Potomac. On its banks were fought two of the most memorable battles during the Civil War. After a series of heavy skirmishes, July 16-19, 1861, the Union army under General McDowell was, on the 21st, utterly routed by the Confed- erates under the command of Generals Beauregard and J. E. Johnston. The Union loss was about 3,000 men, while that of the Confederates was estimated at nearly 2,000 men. The former lost, in addition, 27 guns, besides an immense quantity of small arms, ammunition, stores, provisions, and accouterments. On Aug. 30, 1862, another great battle was fought here between the Union forces commanded by General Pope, and the Confederates under Generals Lee, Longstreet, and "Stonewall" Jackson, when the former were again defeated with heavy loss. The three battles of Groveton, Bull's Run, and Chantilly, fought in three successive days, cost the Union cause about 20,000 men in killed, wounded, missing, and prisoners, 30 guns, and 30,000 small arms. The first battle of Bull Run is sometimes known as the battle of Manassas. BULL TEBBIEB, a variety of dog, a cross breed between the bull dog and terrier. BULL TBOUT, an English name for salmo eriox, called also the graj' trout, and the round tail. It is a British fish. BULOW, BEBNHABD, PBINCE VON, German statesman; born at Klein Flottbeck, Holstein, in 1849. He was ed- ucated at Lausanne, Leipsic, and Berlin; studied law, and took part in the Franco-Prussian War, rising to the rank of lieutenant, after which he entered the diplomatic service. He was successively secretary of legation at Rome, St. Pe- tersburg, and Vienna, and became charge d'affaires at Athens during the Russo-Turkish War, subsequently acting as secretary at the Berlin Conference in PRINCE BERNHARD VON BULOW 1878. In 1888 he was appointed minis- ter to Rumania, and ambassador to Italy in 1893; but was called back to Berlin in 1897 to hold the portfolio of foreign affairs. His skillful management of the Samoan difficulty increased his reputa- tion as a statesman, and two years later he concluded a treaty with Spain, by which Germany secured the Caroline, Pellew, and Ladrone islands, upon which he was raised to the rank of count. In the complications with China he carried out the foreign policy of the Emperor. On the resignation of Prince Hohenlohe in 1900, he was nominated Chancellor of the German Empire and Prime Minister of Prussia. In 1905 his strenuous policy in regard to Morocco caused the fall of M. Delcasse, the French foreign minis- ter, and nearly precipitated a European
