CIGAR 501 CINCHONA BABK at the mouth of lagua bay, about 200 miles from Havana. Cienfuegos is the center of the Cuban sugar trade, and is connected by rail with Havana. There are soap and ice plants and cacao, mo- lasses, sugar, and tobacco are expoi*ted. It has one of the best natural harbors in the world. Pop. about 90,000. CIGAR, a small roll of manufactured tobacco leaves carefully made up, and in- tended to be smoked by lighting at one end and drawing the smoke through it. See Tobacco. CIGARETTE, a sort of small cigar made by rolling fine-cut tobacco in thin paper specially prepared for the purpose, or in tobacco leaf. See Tobacco. CILICIA, an ancient division of Asia Minor, now included in the Turkish prov- ince of Adana, which lay between the Taurus range and the Cilician sea, while the Amanus range separated it from Syria. The E. portion of Cilicia was fertile in grain, wine, etc.; the W. and more fliountainous portion furnished in- exhaustible supplies of timber to the an- cients. The pass called by the Turks Golek Boghaz (anciently Pylse Ciliciie) is that by which Alexander the Great en- tered Cilicia. In early ages Cilicia was ruled by its own kings; the people, who were probably akin to Syrians and Phoenicians, being notorious pirates. The country fell successively under Persian, Macedonian, and SjTian rule, and was made a Roman province by Pompey in 67 B. c. CIMABUE, GIOVANNI (che-ma-bo'a), a distinguished Florentine painter; bom about 1240. Vei-y little is known of his life, but he is said to have been a disciple of Giunta of Pisa ; and he was one of the earliest painters who left off copying the hard and unnatural drawing of the Byzantine school, studied nature for himself, and contributed powerfully to the revival of art. The colossal "Madon- na," which he painted for the Rucellai Chapel, in the Church of Santa Maria Novella, Florence, is said to have ex- cited extraordinary enthusiasm, and to have been carried in procession to the church, where it still remains. It was Cimabue who first discovered the genius of Giotto. He died about 1302. CIMMERII, or CIMMERIANS, an ancient nomadic race, inhabiting the Crimea, and parts of the neighboring country, having been expelled by the Scythians, passed along the shores of the Euxine, invaded Asia Minor, and pillaged Sardis, the capital of Lydia, 635 B. c. In that country they were said to have remained until about 617 B. C, when they were defeated and driven out of Asia Minor. Homer refers to another people of the same name, fabled to have dwelt in a land of perpetual darkness. Hence the term "Cimmerian gloom." CIMOLITE. a light gray, white, or reddish silicate of alumina, occurring sometimes massive, or of a slaty texture It is very soft. It occurs at Argentiera; also at Nagpore, central India, and in some parts of Russia. The Nagpore speci mens have been called also Hunterite. CIMON. an ancient Athenian general and statesman, was a son of the great Miltiaaes. He fought against the Per- sians in the battle of Salamis (480 B. c), and shared with Aristides the chief com- mand of the fleet sent to Asia to deliver the Greek colonies from the Persian yoke. The return of Aristides to Athens soon after left Cimon at the head of the whole naval force of Greece. He distinguished himself by his achieve- ments in Thrace, having defeated the Persians by the Strjonon, and made himself master of the country. He con- quered the pirate-island of Scyros, sub- dued all the cities on the coast of Asia Minor, pursued the Persian fleet up the Eurymedon, destroyed more than 200 of their ships, and then, having landed, on the same day entirely defeated their army (469 B. c). He employed the spoil which he had taken in the embellishment of Athens, and in 463 reduced the re- volted Thasians; but the popular leaders, beginning to fear his power, charged him on his return with having been cor- rupted by the King of Macedon. The charge was dropped, but when Cimon's policy of friendship to the Lacedemoni- ans ended in the latter insulting the troops sent by Athens to their aid, his opponents secured his banishment. He retired into Bceotia, and his request to be allowed to fight with the Athenians against the Lacedaemonians in 457 at Tanagra was refused by the suspicious generals. Eventually Cimon was recalled at the instance of Pericles to conclude a peace with Lacedasmon. He died shortly after, in 449, while besieging Citium in Csrprus. CINCHONA, a genus of trees found exclusirely on the Andes in Peru, and adjacent countries, producing a medici- nal bark of great value known as Peruvian bark, Jesuit's bark, etc. The Jesuits introduced it into Europe, There are many species of the genus. CINCHONA BARK, the bark of sev- eral species of cinchonacese, used in medi- cine, or for the extraction of the alka- loids, quinine, cinchonine, etc., which they
