EAST AFRICA, GEBMAN 456 EASTBOURNE CO.. III., in 1858. He was educated in the public schools of Quincy, 111., and for several years taught at the public schools. After several years of newspaper work he organized and became secretary of the Civic Federation of Chicago. In 1900 he organized the National Civic Federa- tion and became chairman of its execu- tive council. He promoted national con- ferences on primary election reforms in New York and promoted also other con- ferences on political and economic sub- jects. He organized in 1917 the League for National Unity. He wrote extensive- ly on sociological subjects. EAST AFRICA, GERMAN, former German possessions in East Africa, ac- quired in 1885-1890, lying immediately to the S. of British East Africa, and hav- ing an estimated area of about 400,000 square miles, and estimated population of 7,659,898. They are bounded on the N. by a line running N. W. from the Umba river to the E. shore of the Victoria Nyanza, and continuing W. from this lake to the Kongo state. Lake Tangan- yika forms the W. boundary, and thence a line to Lake Nyassa and the river Ro- vuma form the S. W. and S. boundaries. In September, 1894, it was agreed that the German-Portuguese frontier should follow parallel 10° 40' S. lat. from the coast to its intersection with the river Rovuma, leaving Kionga and the mouth of the Rovuma to Germany, and Cape Delgado to Portugal. Several stations have been established by the German East Africa Company, and the chief ports are Dar-es-Salaam, Bagamoyo, Ki- loa, and Tanga. The products of the country are coffee, tobacco, cotton, ivory, caoutchouc, and gum. The conquest of German East Africa, in the course of the World War (1914-1918), was com- pleted by British forces in 1918, and by the terms of the Peace Treaty of 1919 the territory is divided between Great Britain and Belgium. The British part has been named "Tanganyika" terri- tory. Government seat, Dar-es-Salaam. EAST AFRICA, PORTUGUESE, pos- sessions of Portugal. It comprises the province of Mozambique, capital Lau- rence Marques; and Companhia de Mo- zambique; and Companhia de Ny- assa. Total area, 428,132 square miles. Fop. about 3,000,000 (1,050 whites, 1,100 Asiatics, etc.). Its coast-line extends S. from Cape Delgado, the S. extremity of the coast-line of German East Africa to Kosi Bay, just below Delagoa Bay, at a point separating British from Portu- guese territory, as fixed by the Anglo- Portuguese agreement of 1891; the N. boundary is the river Rovuma, running W. from Cape Delgado to Lake Nyassa. The frontier between German and Portu- guese East Africa (until 1914) ran along parallel 10° 40' S. lat. from the coast to its intersection with the river Rovuma, leaving the mouth of the Ro- vuma and Kionga to Germany, and Cape Delgado to Portugal. By the terms of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, to Por- tugal was allotted the territory south of Rovuma known as "Kronya Triangle," formerly belonging to German East Af- rica. The E. boundary is the lake and British Central Africa, or the Nyassa Protectorate down to the junction of the Shire with the Zambesi ; while from that point the British South Africa Com- pany's territory, including Mashonaland and Matabeleland, and the former South African Republic, form the boundary. EAST AFRICA PROTECTORATE, now KENYA COLONY, British posses- sessions in East Africa, extending about 400 miles along the coast N. from Umba, at the mouth of the Umba river. The S. boundary runs from Umba in a N. W. direction to the intersection of the Vic- toria Nyanza while the 1st parallel of N. lat., skirts the N. shore of the lake, and thence W. to the boundary of the Kongo Free State. The river Juba begins the N. boundary, which from the intersection of the river with the 6th parallel N. lat. runs to the 35th meridian E. Ion., and fol- lows that to its intersection with the Blue Nile; the Kongo Free State and the W. water shed of the basin of the Upper Nile forming the W. boundary. The total area is 246,822 square miles, em- bracing a great part of Somaliland, the Equatorial province, Uganda, Usoga, Un- yoro, etc. The population is estimated at 2,807,000, of which 5,362 are Europeans. The Imperial British East Africa Corn- pany opened up the country, having in 1888 obtained a concession of territory from the Sultan of Zanzibar and a charter from the British Government. An arrangement for buying them out was, however, made in 1895. The chief ports are Mombassa, the capital (pop. 30,000), Lamu, Umba, and Kismayu. In 1905 it was ordained that the Legisla- tive Council should consist of 11 elected representatives of European countries: 3 nominated, 2 natives and 1 Arab. In 1920 British East Africa was annexed to the British Crown under the name of Kenya Colony. EAST ANGLIA. See Anglia, East. EASTBOURNE, a favorite English watering place, especially for the wealthier classes, in the Rape of Peven- sey, midway between Brighton and Hastings, and 66 miles S. of London. Pop. (1918) 48,784.
