HYA-HYA 93 HYDE PARK flee, but rarely man, though they some- times seize children. During the day they hide themselves, by night they roam singly or in packs in quest of prey. They prowl about towns and villages, and often dig up corpses that have not been very deeply buried. Hyenas are found only in Africa and the S. of Asia, not extending to the farthest E. of the latter continent. The striped hyena {H. striata) is found both in Asia and Africa, and there are sev- eral varieties considerably different in size, color, etc. The smallest hyenas are of the size of a large dog. The spotted hyena (H. crocuta) inhabits South Af- rica. It is rather smaller than the largest varieties of the striped hyena, but is more fierce and dangerous. It is called tiger-wolf by the colonists of the Cape of Good Hope. Besides its ordi- nary howling, this hyena often indulges in an expression of gratification, resem- bling hysterical laughter, whence it has acquired the name of laughing hyena. The general color is ochry gray, with thinly scattered small round brown spots, and sooty muzzle and feet. The woolly hyena {H. hrunnea) is a smaller South African species. HYA-HYA, (hi"a-hi"a), a milky plant of South America. HYAMSON, ALBEBT MONTEFI- ORE, a British author. He was born in London in 1875 and was educated at Swansea Grammar School and Beaufort College, St. Leonard's. He entered post- office in 1895, was editor of "Jewish Lit- erary Annual" 1903-1906, became joint editor of "Zionist Review," and was pi-ominent in Jewish affairs. His works include: "History of Jews in England"; "Jewish Surnames"; "Humor of the Postoffice"; "Elizabethan Adventures on the Spanish Main"; "Dictionary of Uni- versal Biography"; "Rebirth of an An- cient People." HYBRID, a mongrel produced, whether in plants or animals, by the impregnation of the female of one spe- cies, genus, or race, by the male belong- ing to a different family. The common- est sorts of hybrid are those which arise from the interconnection of different va- rieties of the same species; to notice which, the product of the wild boar and the domestic sow need only be mentioned. Hybrids are generally sterile, and the in- termixtui-e of different species, accord- ing to Owen, is guarded against by the aversion of two specifically different in- dividuals to sexual union. HYCSOS. HYKSHOS. (hik'sos), or Shepherd Kings, wandering tribes of Vol. V- Semitic descent, who conquered the whole of Egj'pt about 2100 B. c, and were driven out some 500 years afterward The only detailed account of them in any ancient writer is a passage of a lost work of Manetho, cited by Josephus. Their epoch covers the 13th to the 17th dynasties. HYDE, a city of England in Cheshire. It is on the river Tame. It has grown rapidly as a cotton manufacturing cen- ter. There are also manufactures of machinery and margarine. In the neigh- boi'hood are important coal mines. Pop. about 34,000. HYDE, DOUGLAS, an Irish author. He was born in Roscommon and was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. Has been leading promoter of the revival of the Irish language and Irish customs and was president of the Gaelic League from its foundation till 1915. Has writ- ten many books both in Irish and Eng- lish. President of the Irish Texts Soci- ety, Examiner in Irish to the Royal Uni- versity. Received honorary freedom of Dublin, Cork, and Kilkenny in 1906 on returning from America with $55,000 for Gaelic League. His works include: "Love Songs of Connacht" (in Irish with English translation) ; "Literary History of Ireland"; "Mediaeval Tales from the Irish." HYDE, WILLIAM DEWITT, an American educator, born in Winchen- don, Mass., in 1858. He graduated from Harvard University in 187y and from the Andover Theological Seminary in 1882. He entered the Congregational ministry in 1883 and for two years fol- lowing was pastor in Newark, N. J. In 1885 he was chosen president of Bow- doin College, where he held the chair of mental and moral philosophy. He wrote extensi^'ely on social and theological sub- jects. His writings include "Practical Ethics" (1892); "Practical Idealism," (1897) ; "The New Ethics" (1903) ; "The Five Great Philosophies of Life." (1911) ; "The Quest of the Best" (1913). He died in 1917. HYDE PARK, an enclosure of about 400 acres, in London, extending from the W. extremity of the city to Kensington Gardens. It belonged to the Abbey of Westminster, and became the property of the crown on the dissolution of the monasteries, in the reig^i of Henry VIII. A canal or sheet of water, called the Serpentine, though in the form of a par- allelogram, was made in Hyde Park, be- tween 17C0 and 17P3, by order of Queen Caroline. At the E. end of it is an ar- tificial waterfall, constructed in 1817. -Cyc— O
