ITHACA 217 IVAN considei-able number of vessels. They seem to be of pure Greek race, and the women are famed for their beauty. Ithaca was the royal seat of Ulysses, and is minutely described in the Odyssey. Schliemann made important excavations, and identified several sites mentioned by Homer. Vathi, the modern capital, trades largely in oil, wine, raisins, and currants. Pop. of Island, 12,000. ITHACA, a city and county-seat of Tompkins co., N. Y. ; on both sides of Cayuga Lake, and on the Lackawanna, the Lehigh Valley, and the Central New York Southern railroads, and the State Barge Canal; 70 miles S. E. of Roch- ester. It derives water power from Fall creek; has a number of beautiful cas- cades in its vicinity; and manufactories of glass, typewriters, drop forgings, cal- endar clocks, firearms, salt, and other commodities. The city is best known as the seat of Cornell University (q. v.) and the Cascadilla Preparatory School; and also as a popular summer resort. There are National banks, trolley con- nection with East Ithaca, large farming trade with Tompkins, Tioga, Cortland, and Seneca counties. Pop. (1909) 14,- 802; (1920) 17,204. ITHAMAR (ith'a-mar), the fourth son of Aaron, consecrated to the priest- hood. His posterity took charge of the tabernacle in the wilderness. Some of this line, namelv, Eli, Ahitub, Ahiah, Ahimelech, and Abiathar, held the office ©f high priest, but under Solomon it re- verted to the family of Eleazar. ITHOME (e'tho-me), a mountain of Greece, in Messenia, 25 miles N. W. of Kalamata, 3,865 feet high. On its S. slope are the remains of a village, which in ancient Greece was the stronghold of the Messenians against the Lacedemo- nians. The first Messenian war ended ■with the fall of Ithome, 724 B. C. ITHONUS (ith'6-nus), in classic Greek fable, the son of Deucalion and King of Thessaly, reported to have dis- covered the fusion of metals, and the art of coining money. ITO, PRINCE HIROBUMI, Japanese statesman; born in the province of Chosu, 1841; assassinated at Harbin, Manchuria, Oct. 26, 1909, by a Korean. The son of a samurai (warrior) of low rank, he was orphaned at an early age and was adopted by relatives. As a boy, with four companions, he worked his way to England on board a Scottish whaler. After his return home he tried to dis- suade the Lord of the Province from fighting the Westerners, and for his Western sympathies was attacked by assassins, but was saved by the girl who afterward became his wife. Emerging from the insurrection which placed the present Mikado on the throne, one of the young progressives devoted to the Em- peror and the cause of an enlightened Japan, his rise through various positions of trust was rapid, and he took a lead- ing part in formulating the constitution under which Japan is now governed He visited the United States in 1872! He was created a count for his services to the state and in 1883 became premier, a post he held four times. For his suc- cessful efforts in negotiating a peace treaty with China he was made a mar- quis, and for the next ten years took an important part in government affairs. He foresaw the war with Russia, and exerted himself to strengthen the em- pire's resources in preparation for that war. In 1905 he was appointed Resi- dent-General in Korea, where he re- formed the administration of the country and made it a Japanese province, gain- ing the hatred of the Koreans, though his measures were not harsh or abitrary. He was elevated to the rank of prince in 1907, and in May, 1909, i ^turned home to become President of the Privy Coun- cil. When murdered he was in Harbin to meet the Russian Minister of Finance on the general railway situation in Man- churia. ITURBIDE, AUGUSTIN DE (e-tor'- be-da), a Mexican soldier; born in Valla- dolid, Mexico, in 1783. On the breaking out of the revolutionary troubles in Mexico, he joined the royalist party and displayed such valor and ability that in 1815 he rose to the chief command of the army, but latterly went over to the other side, quickly bore down all opposi- tion, and became so popular that he pro- claimed himself Emperor of xMexico in 1822. His reign was full of trouble, and came to an end in less than a year, by his abdication. Congress granted him a yearly pension on condition of his leaving the country, and he resided in Leghorn about a year, when he made an attempt to recover the crown. He landed with but a single attendant, and was arrested and shot, in Padilla, July 19, 1824. His grandson was adopted as his heir by the unfortunate Emperor Maximilian. IVAN (e-wan'), the name of two grand-dukes and four czars of Russia. The best known, Ivan IV. (1530-1584), commonly called Ivan the Terrible, reigned from 1533, and did much for the advancement of his country in arts and commerce, as well as for its extension
