KOLCHAK 364 KONGO tion of caffeine than coffee or tea, and more theobromine than cocoa. KOLCHAK, KONSTANTINE, a Rus- sian admiral, chief leader of the anti- Bolshevik elements in Russia. He took a prominent part as admiral in the naval operations around Port Arthur during the Russo-Japanese War, in 1904, and during the European War he was in com- mand of the Black Sea Fleet. After the Bolshevik Government came into power, he fled to Siberia, where he succeeded in Tjeizing the dictatorship of the All-Rus- ADMIRAL KOLCHAK sian Provisional Government, in 1918, and established headquarters at Omsk. For over a year he waged war against the Soviet Government at Moscow which seemed at one time on the point of suc- cess, but late in 1919 his forces began crumbling. He was finally handed over a prisoner to Bolshevik sympathizers by his own troops and executed as a traitor. KOLDING, a seaport of Jutland, Den- mark. As it was for a time the residence of the Danish kings it possesses the ruins of the castle, their home. It has a good harbor and the trade in timber, hides and provisions is extensive. Pop. about 15,000. KOLGUEF, or KALGUEF (kal'gwef ) , an island of Russia, in the Arctic Ocean, belonging to the province of Archangel; area, 1,350 square miles. It is visited in summer by fur hunters, walrus hunt- ers, and fowlers, who capture eider ducks, swans, and other sea birds that yield down. The only permanent inhabitants are a few Samoyedes. KOLHAPUR, the capital of the state of Kolhapur in Indian located about 188 miles southeast of Bombay. The state is largely populated by the Mahrattas, the soil is fertile and produces cereals, cotton, and sugar-cane. Population of the State, about 900,000. Population of the to^'.vn, about 50,000. KOLIN, or KOLLIN, a town of Bohe- mia, on the Elbe; 38 miles E. by S. of Prague. A great battle was fought, June 18, 1757, in its vicinity between 54,- 000 Austrians under Marshal Daun and 31,000 Prussians under Frederick II. The latter were defeated with a total loss of 14,000 men; the Austrians lost 8,000. KOLMAR, or Colmar, a city in Alsace. KOLN. See Cologne. _ KOLUSCHAN (ko-losh'an), a linguis- tic stock .of North American Indians. They comprise some 10 or 12 tribes, num- bering about 6,000, nearly all of whom live in Alaska. KOLYMA (kol-e-ma'), a river of Eastern Siberia, flowing from the Stan- ovoi Mountains 995 miles N. E. of the Arctic Ocean. It is only free from ice during 11 weeks in the year. Its waters are full of fish. KOMOB.N, a town and fortress in Hungary, on the island of Schiitt, in the Danube. The fortress, one of the strong- est in Europe, commenced in the end of the 13th century, was greatly enlarged and strengthened by Matthias Corvinus; and again in 1805-1809. Though taken by Ferdinand I. in 1527, it successfully withstood the Turks in 1543, 1594, and 1663. Klapka held it for the Hungar- ians against the Austrians from October, 1848, to September, 1849. KONG, a district of west Africa, along the upper course of the Comoe. The district is a plateau, whose average elevation is 2,300 feet above sea-level, rising in a few groups of peaks up to 6,000 feet. The Kong Mountains of the geographers are isolated granitic peaks only 300 feet above the plateau. The people, Mandingoes by race and Moham- medans by religion, manufacture cotton stuff's and carry on indigo dyeing. The capital of the state is the town of Kong, population, about 12,000. This district was declared a protectorate of France in 1889. KONG-FU-TSE. See CONFUCIUS. KONGO or CONGO FREE STATE, or BELGIAN KONGO, a territory in Africa which, recognized by the Euro- pean powers assembled at the confer- ence at Berlin in 1885, has the following
