KREMNITZ 373 KBUGER the Czar Kolokol (king of bells), the greatest bell in the world, several pal- aces and collections of ancient arms and other antiquities; the arsenal, sur- rounded by the splendid trophy of 850 cannons, taken from the French, and the senate. The walls of the Kremlin are surmounted by 18 towers, and pierced with five gates. The Kremlin suffered during the revolution of 1917, and was pillaged at various times during revolutionary uprisings that followed. When the central Bolshevik Government was moved from Petrograd to Moscow, it became its headquarters. KREMNITZ, one of the oldest towns of Hungary, in the county of Bars, in a deep, gloomy valley. It is famous for its gold and silver mines, which, however, are less productive now than formerly, and its mint. KREMS, a town in Austria located at the junction of the Krems river with the Danube; about 40 miles N. W. of Vienna. The town has quite a few churches and schools, and a museum. Pop. about 15,000. KRETJZER, a small copper coin still in use in Austria, 100 making a florin or gulden (nominal value, 48 cents). The kreuzer was first coined in the 13th century in Tyrol, was originally of sil- ver, and derived its name from the cross (kreuz) formerly conspicuous on it. KREITZNACH (kroits'na/i) , a town of Rhenish Prussia, dating from the 9th century, on the Nahe. Its chief manu- facture is champagne, its principal trade in wine and corn; but it is most notable for its salt springs. These were dis- covered in 1478, and, being serviceable in scrofulous and other affections, attract over 5,000 visitors annually. KRIEMHILDE LINE. See HlNDEN- BURG Line. ^ KRISHNA, the 8th avatar (incarna- tion) of Vishnu. Kansa, a demon king of Mathura, having ruled oppressively, the Brahmans supplicated Vishnu to in- terfere. He, in reply, plucked off two hairs, one black, the other white; the former became Krishna. He was born at Mathur; his father was Vasudeva, a kshatriya (warrior), and his mother De- vaki. Kansa seeking to destroy him when an infant, his father fled away with him, and hid him in a vaisya's (merchant's) shop. When eight years old it rained heavily, and the god rooted up a moun- tain, and obligingly held it as an um- brella over the heads of the villagers and their cattle. When a youth he sported with 16,000 milkmaids in the wilderness of Bindrabun. Next assuming four arms, he killed the tyrant Kansa. He married two wives, but his favorite was a mistress called Radha. According to Ward, about three-fifths of the whole Hindu population of Bengal are wor- shipers of this god. KRODO, the Saturn of the ancient Saxons. KRONSTADT, an important trading and iron manufacturing town, capital of a Hungarian county in the extreme S. E. of Transylvania. Pop. about 40,000. For the Russian Kronstadt, see Cron- STADT. KROO, or KRU, a native race of Africa, much employed in doing rough work on vessels trading on the Liberian coast. Their territory extends about 70 miles along the W. coast; they are a stout, brawny race, and very industrious. KRTJGER, STEPHANTJS JOHAN- NES PAULUS, a Boer statesman; born near Colesberg, Cape Colony, Oct. 10, 1825. He entered on the more active portion of his public career when he was PAUL KRUGER chosen a member of the Executive Coun- cil of the Transvaal in 1872. Eleven years later he was elected president for the first time. He was re-elected in 1888. He retained the ofliice in 1893, and was re- elected in 1898. On the breaking out of dissensions between the Uitlanders and the Boers in 1896, and the raid of Dr.
