HOE 29 HOFFMAN the instigation of Loki. Hodur typifies prominent part in the operations of the night, as Balder typifies day. Austrian armies. HOE, RICHARD MARSH, an Ameri- can inventor; born in New York City, Sept. 12, 1812. In 1846 he perfected a rotary printing-press which was called "Hoe's lightning press." Subsequently he invented the Hoe web perfecting press. These were especially adapted to newspaper printing and made a revo- lution in that art. He died in Florence, Italy, June 7, 1886. HOEBER, ARTHUR, an American painter; born in New York City in 18.54. He studied in New York and Paris. While well known as a successful painter his reputation perhaps rests on his art criticism. He was art director for the "New York Times" for three years and was assistant editor of the "Illustrated American" for one year. He later was art critic for the "New York Globe" and "Commercial Advertiser." He was also widely known as a lecturer on art sub- jects. His popular writings include "The Treasures of the Metropolitan Mu- seum of Art" (1892); "Painting in the Nineteenth Century in France, Belgium, Spain and Italy. He was a member of the International Art Association of Chi- cago. He died in 1915. HOEFER, EDMUND (ho'fer), a Ger- man novelist; born in Greifswald, Oct. 15, 1819. He studied philology and his- tory at Heidelberg. He began early to write fiction, his first stories appearing in collected form under the title "From the People," and proving very popular. They were followed by "Out of the Old Time and the New"; "As the People Speak"; and "Days that Are No More." The novels that followed, especially "German Hearts"; "The Demagogue"; "The Lost Son"; and "Lost in the World," had a wide circulation. He died in Cannstadt, May 23, 1882. HOETZENDORF, BARON FRANZ CONRAD VON, an Austrian general; born in Penzing, 1852; received a mili- tary education, then, at the age of 19, received his commission as a lieutenant. In 1878-1879 he served on the General Staff in Bosnia and Herzegovina, when •fjiose two Turkish provinces were as- signed to the military administration of Austria-Hungary. He was also a mem- l»er of the staff during the insurrection in Dalmatia, in 1882. Then, until 1888, he was professor of tactics in the mili- tary academy, in Vienna. He was Chief of the General Staff from 1906 to 1911 and again in 1912. During the early part of the European war he took a Vol. V— HOFER. ANDREAS (huh'fer), a Tyrolese patriot; born in St. Leonard, in the valley of Passeyr, in 1767. When the Tyrol, long a part of the Austrian dominions, was given by the treaty of Presburg to the King of Bavaria, then the ally of Napoleon, the Tyrolese re- . volted, and Andreas Hofer became their ' leader. Within a week from the out- break of the insurrection, early in April, 1809, the Bavarian forces were every- where defeated and the Tyrol freed. Three French armies then invaded the province, and after temporary success on their part, Hofer won the victory of Innspruck, and again freed his country. By the armistice of Znaim, agreed to after the victory of Napoleon at Wa- grani, the Austrians were compelled to quit the Tyrol. A second French inva- sion ended in defeat, and the people were a third time freed. For a few weeks Hofer was, virtually, sovereign of his country; but on the renewed invasion of French and Bavarians, he was betrayed to his enemies, condemned by a court- martial at Mantua, and shot Feb. 20, 1810. HOFFMAN, CHARLES FENNO. an American poet and novelist; born in New York City, in 1806. He was orig- inally a lawyer. He founded the "Knick- erbocker Magazine," edited the "Lit- erary World," and was owner and ed- itor of the "American Magazine." His finest work was his songs, the best known being "Sparkling and Bright," and "The Myrtle and Steel." He wrote the novel "Greyslaer" (1840). His complete po- etical works appeared in 1874. He died in Harrisburg, Pa., June 7, 1884. HOFFMAN, EUGENE AUGUSTUS, an American clergyman; born in New York City in 1829. He was educated at Rutgers and Harvard colleges and the General Theological Seminary. After serving as rector in several churches in New York and Pennsylvania he was in 1879 appointed dean of the General The- ological Seminary in New York. He was a man of great wealth and bestowed a large part of this on the seminary. His writings include "Free Churches" (1858) ; "The Eucharistic Week" (1893). He died in 1902. HOFFMAN, FREDERICK LUDWIG, an American statistician, born in Varel, north Germany in 1865. He was edu- cated in the common and private schools in Germany. He removed to the United States and became statistician for the Prudential Insurance Co. of America .Cy<— c
