HOLLOW WARE 37 HOLMES HOLLOW WABE, the trade term for all kinds of vessels made of cast or vrought iron, and used for cooking and other purposes. HOLLY, in botany. Ilex aquifolmm, a shrub or small tree, 10 to 40 feet high, •with glossy leaves. Wild in Europe and Western Asia. The beautiful white wood of the holly is valued by cabinet- makers for inlaying, the bark is used in the manufacture of birdlime, the ber- ries are so violently emetic that six or eight will excite violent vomit; the leaves are said to be equal to Peruvian bark for the cure of intermittent fevers. The root and bark are said to be emollient, resolvent, expectorant, and diuretic. The leaves and berries form, with ivy, the principal material of Christmas dec- oration. HOLLYHOCK, a biennial plant (Al- thaea rosea), order Malvaceae. It is a native of China and is a frequent orna- ment of gardens. There are many va- rieties, with single and double flowers, characterized by the tints of yellow, red, purple, and dark purple approaching to black. It reaches a height of eight feet or more. HOLLY OAK, in botany, Quercus ilex, called also the holy oak or common ever- green oak. It is found in the S. of Eu- rope, in the vicinity of the sea, with leaves varying in form, some of them prickly, others entire on the margins. It does not form forests. Its wood is good, but very hard and heavy. HOLMES, (ELIAS) BURTON, an American traveler and lecturer; born in Chicago in 1870. He received an aca- demic education. In 1890 he delivered his first lecture in Chicago, which was followed by a series of lectures on travel. He visited many times practically every civilized country in the world, gather- ing material for his lectures. Moving pictures taken by him became one of the most prominent features in the moving picture theaters in the country. HOLMES, JOHN HAYNES, an Amer- ican clergyman and writer; born in Phil- adelphia in 1879. He graduated from Harvard University in 1902 and from Harvard Divinity School in 1904. After serving as pastor in Dorchester, Mass. he succeeded Minot J. Savage as pas» tor of the Church of the Messiah, New York City. He wrote much on theological and economical subjects. Following the entrance of the United States into the war his writings in favor of pacifism were severely criticized. He wrote "The Revolutionary Function of the Modern Church" (1912); "Marriage and Divorce" (1913). HOLMES, JOSEPH AUSTIN, Ameri- can geologist; born in Laurens, S. C, in 1859. He graduated from Cornell University in 1881 and from that year until 1891 was professor of geology at the University of North Carolina. He was geologist of that State from 1891 to 1904. From 1904 to 1907 he was ir charge of the Geological Survey labora- tories for testing fuels and structural materials at St. Louis, Mo. When the Bureau of Mines was organized in 1910 he was appointed director and held that position until his death in 1915. HOLMES, MRS. MARY JANE (HA WES), an American novelist; born in Brookfield, Mass. A voluminous writer, her works are mostly domestic in character, and have had a large circu- lation. Among them are: "Tempest and Sunshine" (1854); "Lena Rivers" (1856); "Marian Grey" (1863); "Mill- bank" (1871); "Queenie Hetherton" (1883) ; etc. She died Oct. 7, 1907. HOLMES, OLIVER WENDELL, an American author; born in Cambridge, Mass., Aug. 29, 1809. He was grad- OUVER WENDELL HOLMES uated at Harvard. He began the study of law, but in a short time relinquished it for that of medicine. In 1839 he became Professor of Anatomy and
