HOP WORM 52 HOPKINSVILLE shrubby trefoil, is planted as an orna- mental plant. Its fruit is intensely bit- ter, and is a poor substitute for hops. HOP WORM, a form of caterpillar. In June, July, and August, the leaves of the hop-vine are often devoured by these active, slender, grass-green caterpillars, ■with but four pairs of prop-legs. They may be shaken off and the vines saved by daily spraying with whale-oil soapsuds or kerosene emulsion. HOPE, ANTHONY. See Hawkins, Anthony H. HOPE COLLEGE, a coeducational in- stitution in Holland, Mich.; founded in 1866 under the auspices of the Reformed Church in America ; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instructors, 18; students, 335, president, E. D. Dim- nent. HOPE DIAMOND, a diamond sup- posed to have been the property of Louis XIV., reduced from 67^/^ carats to 44^/4 carats; now owned by Mrs. McLean, of Washington, D. C. The stone, which disappeared during the French Revolu- tion, was purchased in 1830 by an Eng- lish banker named Hope and was finally brought to America in 1909. It was probably reduced to disguise it, and is now worth about $200,000. HOP FLEA, or TOOTH-LEGGED BEETLE, a very small coleopterous in- sect, not quite one-tenth of an inch long, which often does much mischief in hop plantations in spring, devouring the tender tops of the young shoots. It is of the same genus as the turnip fly, so destructive to turnips. HOPKINS, JOH^S, an American phi- lanthropist; born m Anne Arundel co., Md., May 19, 1795. His parents, Quak- ers, gave him a fair education and the training of a farmer. At the age of 17, however, he went to Baltimore, there became a grocer, and in 1822 founded the house of Hopkins and Brothers. From the grocer's business he retired in 1847 with a large fortune, which he em- ployed in banking and railway opera- tions. In 1873 he gave property worth $4,500,000 to found a free hospital; he presented Baltimore with a public park, and he also gave over $3,000,000 to found the Johns Hopkins University in Balti- more. He died Dec. 24, 1873. HOPKINS, MARK, an American edu- cator; born in Stockbridge, Mass., Feb. 4, 1802. He was president of Williams College in 1836-1872, and for 30 years president of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. Among his works are "Evidences of Christianity"; "The Law of Love, and Love as a Law"; and "An Outline Study of Man." He died in Williamstown, Mass., June 17, 1887. HOPKINS, STEPHEN, an American statesman; born in Providence, R. I., March 7, 1707. In 1732 he was elected a representative to the General Assembly from Scituate, and was chosen speaker of that body in 1741. In 1751 he was appointed chief-justice of the superior court of Rhode Island, and in 1756 was elected governor. He signed the Decla- ration of Independence. After this he was several times chosen a member of Congress. He died in Providence, July 13, 1785. HOPKINSIANS, the name given to those who adopt the theological opinions of Samuel Hopkins. They are not a dis- tinct sect, but are pretty numerous in the United States, in some of the Chris- tian bodies of which the tenets are generally Calvinistic. The fundamental doctrine of the Hopkinsian system, how- ever, is, that all virtue and true holiness consist in disinterested benevolence, and that all sin is selfishness — the self-love which leads a man to give his first re- gard even to his own eternal interests being condemned as sinful. HOPKINSON, FRANCIS, an Ameri- can political writer; born in Philadel- phia, Sept. 21, 1737. He wrote: "The Pretty Story" (1774); "The Prophecy" (1776); "The Political Catechism" (1777). He also wrote poems and es- says. The "Miscellaneous Essays, and Occasional Writings" appeared posthu- mously. His humorous ballad, "The Bat- tle of the Kegs," was widely known. He was one of the signers of the Decla- ration of Independence. He died May 9, 1791. HOPKINSON, JOSEPH, an American jurist, son of Francis; born in Phila- delphia, Nov. 12, 1770; was one of the ablest lawyers of his day. He wrote the famous patriotic song, "Hail Columbia" (1798), for the benefit of an actor, call- ing it at first the "President's March." He died in Philadelphia, Jan. 15, 1842. HOPKINSVILLE, a city and county- seat of Christian co., Ky., on the Louis- ville and Nashville, the Tennessee Cen- tral and the Illinois Central railroads; 73 miles N. W. of Nashville, Tenn. It is the seat of McLean College, Bethel Fe- male and Southern Kentucky colleges, and Western Kentucky Insane Asylum, and has manufactures of tobacco, lime, brick, wagons, and carriages. There are daily and weekly newspapers, electric
