MITCHELL 262 MITER of the Allies, and approved entry of United States into conflict. Standing for re-election as Mayor in November, 1917, he was defeated by John Hylan. Later entered the aviation forces of the United States, and was killed on July 6, 1918, at the aviation camps at Lake Charles, La., by a fall from an aeroplane. During 1920 various projects have been under consideration to commemorate his name. MITCHELL, a city and county-seat of Davison co., S. D. ; on the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha, and the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul rail- roads; 65 miles W. by N. of Sioux Falls. It is in an agricultural region, and is the seat of Dakota University (M. E.). It has manufactories of well-boring ma- chinery and chemicals, and an assessed property valuation of nearly $1,000,000. Pop. (1910) 6,515; (1920) 8,478. MITCHELL, DONALD GRANT, pseu- donym Ik Marvel, an American author; born in Norwich, Conn., in April, 1822; was graduated at Yale in 1841; traveled in Europe; studied law in New York; and in 1847 published "Fresh Gleanings; or, a New Sheaf from the Old Fields of Continental Europe." In 1850 his most famous book appeared, "The Reveries of a Bachelor," and in 1851 his "Dream Life." In 1853 he became United States consul at Venice. Later publications were: "My Farm of Edgewood" (1863); "Wet Days at Edgewood" (1865); "Seven Stories, with Basement and Attic" (1864) ; "Doctor Johns" (1866) ; "Eng- lish Lands, Letters, and Kings" (1889) ; "American Lands and Letters" (1897). He died Dec. 15, 1908. MITCHELL, JOHN, American labor leader; born in Braidwood, 111., 1870; went to work in the coal mines at an early age; joined the Knights of Labor in 1885. When the United Mine Work- ers were organized in 1890 he immedi- ately became a member. In 1895 he be- came_ secretary-treasurer of the Illinois district of the organization; then na- tional organizer in 1897; national presi- dent two years later. It was under his leadership, as president, that the United Mine Workers acquired great influence, power, and a big membership. He di- rected the strike of the coal workers during 1900-1902. In 1908 he resigned as president of the organization. Was a close personal friend of Theodore Roose- velt. Was head of the Trade Agreement Department of the National Civic Fed- eration for three years; became chair- man of the State Industrial Commission of New York in 1915. Mitchell was one of the most prominent of the conserva- tive labor leaders, looking to possible working agreement between capital and labor. Died in 1919. MITCHELL, JOHN AMES, an Amer- ican journalist; born in New York City, Jan. 17, 1845; studied at Lawrence Scien- tific School; studied architecture in Bos- ton, Mass., and at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris, 1867-1870; practiced as an architect in Boston, 1870-1876; after- ward engaged in artistic and decorative work; studied drawing and painting in Paris, 1876-1880; was then in New York till 1883 as artist, illustrator, and writer; founded, Jan. 3, 1883, "Life," of which he was editor. Wrote: "The Summer School of Philosophy at Mt. Desert" (1881) ; "Romance of the Moon" (1886) ; "The Last American" (1889); "Amos Judd" (1895); "That First Affair" (1896); "Gloria Victis" (1897); etc. Died 1920. MITCHELL, MARIA, an American astronomer; born in Nantucket, Mass., Aug. 1, 1818. She inherited her father's love 01 astronomy, which she made her life-work. She discovered a considerable number of nebula and a comet (in 1847), for which she received a medal from the King of Denmark. She was librarian of the Nantucket Athenaeum for many years, and a computer on the "American Nautical Almanac." Professor of Astron- omy and Director of the Observatory of Vassar College, 1865-1888. She took part in several eclipse expeditions with parties of her students. She died in Lynn, Mass., June 28, 1889. MITCHELL, SILAS WEIR, a distin- guished American physician, poet, and novelist; born in Philadelphia^ Pa., Feb. 15, 1829; studied at the Univei'sity of Pennsylvania; was graduated at Jeffer- son Medical College (1850) ; practiced in Philadelphia and became prominent as a physiologist, especially as a neurologist and toxicologist ; was member of National Academy of Sciences (1865), British Medical' Association, etc.; LL.D. (Harv. and Univ. of Edinburgh). He wrote treatises on "Neurology," "Serpent Poi- sons," "Comparative Physiology." He published several volumes of poems and essays, and among his best novels are: "Hueh Wynne" (1897) ; "Adventures of Francois" (1900). Died 1918. MITE, a name common to numerous small, in some cases microscopic animals, of the classArachnida (spiders) and di- vision Acarida. MITER, or MITRE, in ordinary lan- guage, a form of head-dress worn by the
