KUBDER 852 MUBGHAB S. W. of Alicante. It stands in the pro- ductive vale of Murcia, an old-fashioned Moorish townj embosomed in gardens of mulberry, orange, fig, palm, and other fruit trees. Almost the only notable buildings are the bishop's palace and the cathedral, this last begun in 1353, but reconstructed in 1521, and surmounted by a fine bell tower. Silks, saltpeter, soda, gunpowder, musical instruments, and glass are manufactured; fruit grow- ing, the preparation of olive oil. and the weaving of esparto also flourish. Al- fonso X. of Castile took the city from the Moors in 1263; an earthquake al- most destroyed it in 1829; and it was captured by the insurgents in 1843. Pop. about 150,000, The province of Murcia has an area of 4,478 square miles; pop. about 650,000. With the present province of Albacete it was an independent Arab kingdom for 27 years in the 13th century. MUBDER, homicide with malice afore- thought; the unlawful killing of a human being by a person of sound mind, with premeditated malice. Murder is divided into various degrees, such as murder in the first degree, which is punishable by death in most of the States of the Union, and lesser degrees punishable by various terms of imprisonment. The crime is modified in law also by the terms man- slaughter and homicide. MUBDOCK, JOSEPH BALLABD, Bear- Admiral U. S. N.; bom in Hartford, Conn., 1851; graduated from the United States Naval Academy, then served for four years at the North and South At- lantic stations. Entered the coast survey department of the Navy, 187^-1879; in- structor of physics at the U. S. Naval Academy, 1880-1883 ; during the Spanish- American War he served as executive of- ficer on the "Panther." Attained rank of Rear-Admiral in 1909, and was placed in charge of the New York Navy Yard. Commanded the Asiatic fleet, 1911-1912. Has contributed to magazines and is the author of "Notes on Electricity and Mag- netism." MUBDOCK, VICTOB, American poli- tician and editor; bom at Burlingame, Kan., in 1871, he engaged, after a public school education, in the newspaper busi- ness, and from 1894 to 1903 was manag- ing editor of the "Wichita Daily Eagle." He was elected to Congress in 1903 and re-elected in 1905 and retained his seat till 1915. In the latter part of his term he passed from being a Republican to being a Progressive, and in 1914 repre- sented Kansas Progressives as candidate for the U. S. Senate, being defeated by Charles Curtis, Republican. He has been member of the Federal Trade Commission at Washington since 1917 and was ap- pointed member of the Meat Commis- sion of the Government in April, 1918. MUBEX, plural MTJBICES, in zoology, the typical genus of the family Muricidas. It is of world-wide distribution, and 180 species are known. M. tenuispina is popularly known as Venus's comb. MUBFBEE, MABY NOAILLES, pseu- donym Charles Egbert Craddock, an American novelist; born in Murfreesboro, Tenn., Jan. 24, 1850. She wi'ote: "In the Tennessee Mountains," (1884); "The Prophet of the Great Smoky Mountains" (1885); "In the Clouds" (1886); "The Amulet" (1906); "The Raid of the Guerilla" (1912); "The Story of Ducie- hurst" (1914). MUBFBEESBOBO, a city and county- seat of Rutherford co., Tenn.; on the Nashville, Chattanooga, and St. Louis railroad ; 32 miles S, E. of Nashville. It is in a cotton and agricultural region. Here are a court house, National banks, Soule College (Meth.), Middle Tennessee State Normal School, and the Tennessee College for Young Ladies, and several weekly newspapers. The city has car- riage shops, planing mill, sawmills, manufactory of red cedar goods, machine shops, cotton-gin works, and a large trade in cattle and cotton, flour mill, etc. In 1819-1826 it was the capital of Tennessee. Close by the bloody battle of Stone river was fought on Dec. 21, 1862, and Jan. 2, 1863, between Generals Rosecrans and Bragg; the Confederate army was compelled to retreat, but the losses on both sides were nearly equal. Pop. (1910) 4,679; (1920) 5,367. MTJBGEB, HENBI (miir-zhar'), a French author; bom in Paris, France, March 24, 1822. He lived a life of ex- treme privation; formed an informal club or society of imconventional young artists and authors similarly situated which was named "Bohemia," and his associates "Bohemians" — a name famous in general literary history. He con- tributed a great mass of "copy" to numerous periodicals, and at last made a reputation by his "Scenes from Bohemian Life." He also published two volumes of poetry, "Ballads and Fancies" and "Winter Nights"; and wrote dramas for the Luxembourg theater, and tales, etc., for the "Revue des Deux Mondes." He died in Paris, Jan. 28, 1861. MUBGHAB, a river that rises in the mountains N. E. of Herat in Afghan- istan, flows N. W., and loses itself in the desert of Turkestan beyond Merv.
