NEWARK 423 NEWBEKRY is the center of a productive agricultural region. Its chief industries are fruit preserving and nursery products. There are also manufactories of paper boxes, wagons, automobile wheels, etc. It con- tains a public library and a State Asy- lum for Feeble-Minded. Newark was the home of the Fox sisters, from whose performances grew modern spiritualism. Pop. (1910) 6,227; (1920) 6,964. NEWARK, a city and county-seat of Licking co., O.; at the junction of three branches of the Licking river, on the Ohio canal, and on the Pittsburgh, Cin- cinnati, Chicago, and St. Louis, the Bal- timore and Ohio and electric railroads; 33 miles N. E. of Columbus. In the vicin- ity are petroleum refineries, coal mines, and sandstone quarries. The city con- tains railroad car shops, machine, stove, boiler, and other industrial plants, and glassworks. Pop. (1910) 25,404; (1920) 26,718. NEWARK-UPON-TRENT, a town of Nottinghamshire, England, on a branch of the Trent; 18 miles N. E. of Notting- ham and 120 N. by W. of London. It has a fine parish church, built mainly between 1350 and 1480. Newark has an important corn market and great malting industries, besides iron and brass foundries, manufactures of boilers and agricultural implements and plaster of paris works. A British town and Roman station, Newark in Saxon times became the seat of a castle, which was rebuilt in 1125 by Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln (hence the name New Wark), and which long bore the name of the "key of the North." King John died in it (1216) ; and in the Great Rebellion it stood three sieges. In 1646 it was dismantled, and is now represented only by a picturesque ruin. Pop. about 17,- 600. NEW BEDFORD, a city, port of entry, and one of the county-seats of Bristol CO., Mass.; on Buzzards Bay, and on the New York, New Haven, and Hartford railroad; 55 miles S. of Boston. It con- tains a custom house, county court house, public library, parks, hospitals, and an excellent school system. National and savings banks, watei'works, electric lights, electric street railroads, and daily and weekly newspapers. New Bedford is one of the leading cities in the United States as an industrial center. The city ranks first in the United States in the manufacture of fine cotton goods and fine cotton yarns. The number of cotton- mill employees in 1920 was about 38,000. There was over $6,000,000 invested in other industries, including a rope fac- tory, a copper rolling mill, one of the largest twist drill plants in the world, a large cut glass works, a shoe factory, a paint mill, and numerous other smaller industries. A large pier, costing over $450,000, has been built by the State. The British destroyed a large part of New Bedford in 1778, in retaliation for the injury done to British commerce by privateers from that port. Pop. (1910) 96,652; (1920) 121,217. NEWBERN, a city, port of entry, and county-seat of Craven co., N. C; at the junction of the Neuse and Trent rivers; and on the Atlantic Coast Line and the Norfolk Southern railroads; 108 miles E. S. E. of Raleigh. It has steamship communication with Norfolk, Baltimore, and New York. Here are a public li- brary, and several National and State banks. The city exports fish, cotton, turpentine, lumber, vegetables, and naval stores. It has grist and sawmills, tur- pentine distilleries, carriage and tobacco factories, manufactories of agricultural implements, etc. During the early part of the Civil War Newborn was strongly fortified by the Confederates, but on March 14, 1862, it fell into the hands of General Bumside, after a sharp action. Pop. (1910) 9,901; (1920) 12,198. NEWBERRY, a city of South Caro- lina, the county-seat of the county of the same name. It is 43 miles W. N. W. of Columbia and is situated on the Colum- bia, Newberry and Laurens, and South- em railroads. It is the center of an important cotton-growing region and has important manufactures of cotton goods, cottonseed oil, fertilizers, etc. The town contains an excellent city hall and court house and the Newberry Col- lege. Pop. (1910) 5,028; (1920) 5,894. NEWBERRY COLLEGE, a coeduca- tional institution in Newberry, S. C; founded in 1856 under the auspices of the Lutheran Church; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instruc- tors, 9; students, 219; volumes in the library, 8,000; productive funds, $150,- 000; endowment, $200,000; income, $30,- 000. NEWBERRY, TRUMAN HANDY, United States Senator from Michigan. Born in Detroit, Nov. 5, 1864, and grad- uated from Yale University in 1885. In the same year he became the General Freight and Passenger Agent of the De- troit, Bay City and Alpena railway. Later he became constructing engineer for many large Michigan firms, and served as president or director of many of them. He took a great interest in the Navy and served in it during the Span-
