NOYES 497 NUBIA U. S. A. Delivered course of lectures at Lowell Institute in 1913 on the subject of "The Sea in English Poetry." Honored by Yale with the degree of Litt. D. ^ His verse on heroic and patriotic subjects is regarded by the leading critics as among the best of his generation. His ALFRED NOYES published works are: "The Loom of Years" (1902) ; "The Flower of Old Japan" (1903— verse) ; "Forest of Wild Thyme" (1905); "Drake" (1908— an English epic). He wrote a life of William Morris, for "English Men of Letters" series (1908) ; "Collected Poems" (1910) ; "Robin Hood" (1912) ; "Tales of the Mermaid Tavern" (1912) ; "The Wine Press and Roda" (1914); A Bel- gian Christmas Eve" (1915) ; "A Salute to the Fleet"; "The New Morning" (1918) ; edited "The Magic Casement" (1908) ; and "Book of Princeton Verse" (1916). NOYES, ARTHUR AMOS, American chemist; born at Newburyport, Mass., 1866. Graduated at Massachusetts Insti- tute of Technology, 1886 ; studied at Uni- versity of Leipsic (Ph. D. 1890), instruc- tor 1890-1894; associate professor 1894- 1899; professor of theoretical chemistry after 1899; director of research labora- tory of physical chemistry, 1903-1907; after 1909 acting president. His re- searches have supplied most of our knowledge on the subject of physical chemistry. Edited "Review of American Chemical Research," 1895-1901 ; President American Chemical Society, 1904. His books include: "Course of Instruction in Quantitative Chemical Analysis of Inor- ganic Substances" (1895); "General Principles of Physical Science" (1902) ; "Electrical Conductivity of Aqueous So- lutions" (1907) ; "Common Principles of Chemistry" (1916). NO YON, a town of France; depart- ment of Oise, 67 miles N. N. E. of Paris. It has a fine cathedral in the Transition style of the 12th century, a city hall (1485-1523), and a former episcopal palace. The Noviodunum of Csesar, Noyon was a residence of Charlemagne and Hugo Capet, and the birthplace of Calvin. The town suffered during the World War 1914-1918, being fought over and alternately occupied by Germans and Allies. It was finally recaptured by the French, Aug. 28-29, 1918. Pop. about 7,500. NUBIA, a large region of Africa, formerly a portion of Ethiopia, and ex- tending on both sides of the Nile from Egypt to Abyssinia; touching the Red Sea on the E. and the desert on the W. Nubia proper, or Lower Nubia, extends from Assuan on the Egsrptian frontier to Dongola ; beyond that is Upper Nubia. But of late the name of Egyptian Sudan has come to be used for Nubia in its widest sense, together with the once Egyptian territory actually in the Su- dan, and the equator-al provinces. Under the Pharaohs Nubia was called Cush, but under the 20th dynasty it was re- covered by a series of native rulers, who adopted the civilization of the Egyptians, and at a later date were Christianized. At present the country is occupied by Arabs mixed with Nilotic and Negro blood, mainly in Upper Nubia; Ababdeh and Bisharin between the Nile and the Red Sea; and Nubas and Barabira in Lower Nubia. The Semitic Arabs are comparatively recent intruders to this region. They entered Nubia after oc- cupying Egypt in the 7th century, but were resisted by the Christian Dongo- lawi kings till the 14th century, when the Arabs, assisted by a large contin- gent of Bosnians, became masters of the land. The various tribes, most of them active and warlike, are Moslems by faith, and till 1820 were ruled by their own chiefs. In that year Ismail Pasha made Nubia an Egyptian territory; and till 1881 it shared the fate of Egypt. Both in its lower and upper sections Nubia is for the most part an expanse of steppes or rocky desert, with patches where grass sometimes grows. There are also
