CASTIGLIOXE Godefroy ; Nic. Larmessin ; Bautrois ; Sen- ter ; Nic. Edelinck. Villot, Louvre ; Filhol, v. PL 359 ; Miintz, 534 ; Springer, 253, 509 ; Cab. Crozat, i. PL 13. CASTIGLIONE, GIOVANNI BENE- DETTO, born in Genoa in 1616, died in Mantua in 1670. Genoese school. Called, on ac- count of the beauty of his colouring, II Grechetto (Lit- tle Greek) ; and in France II Benedetto. Pupil of Gio. Battista Paggi and of Gio. Andrea de' Ferrari. Soprani says he also had lessons of Van Dyck, but as he was only nine years old when that painter left Genoa it is probable that he merely studied his works. Castiglione painted in Florence, Borne, Venice, Naples, Bologna, and Mantua, in which city he entered the service of Duke Charles I. about 1654. He soon won a great reputation, and received orders even from France, England, and Ger- many. Though he painted large histori- cal works, he is best known by his cabinet pictures, especially landscapes and pastoral pieces, in which he frequently introduced animals. Ho left about seventy etchings. His brother Salvatore and his sou Francesco were his pupils and imitators. Among his best examples are : Nativity, S. Luca, Genoa ; Madonna with Saints showing true effigy of St. Domenic to a monk of his order, S. M. di Castello ; Christ on the Cross and St. Ber- nard, S. Martino, Genoa ; Abra- ham and Melchisedec, Adoration, Expulsion from the Temple, Car- avan, Bacchantes and Satyrs, Birds and Animals, Louvre, Par- is ; Noah entering the Ark, Dresden Gallery, Munich Gallery, and Uffizi, Florence. Bal- dinucci, v. 206; Soprani, 223; Lanzi, iii. 273; Seguier, 41 ; Ch. Blanc, Ecole genoise. CASTIGLIONE, GIUSEPPE, born in Naples ; contemporary. Genre and portrait painter. Lives in Paris. Works: Visiting the Cardinal Uncle, The Warrants, Phila- delphia Exposition, 187G ; Terrace of Pa- lazzo Reale at Naples, Duel without Wit- nesses (1877) ; Paroquet's Lesson (1878) ; Plucking the Rose, W. H. Fosdick, Louis- ville ; Prospect, W. B. Bement, Philadelphia ; Soldiers of Cromwell in Haddon Hall, Visit- ing the Cardinal Uncle, Paris Exposition, 1878. CASTILLO, AUGUSTIN DEL, born in Seville in 1565, died in Cordova in 1626. Spanish school ; pupil of Luis Fernandez ; painted in fresco and oil, chiefly in Cordova. Works : Adoration of the Magi, Cathedral, Cadiz ; Conception, Cathedral, Cordova. Stirling, i. 460 ; Viardot, 185 ; Ch. Blanc, ficole espagnole. CASTILLO, JUAN DEL, born in Seville in 1584, died in Cadiz in 1640. Spanish school ; younger brother of Augustin del Castillo ; pupil of Luis Fernandez. Chiefly noted as the master of Moya, of Alonso Ca- no, and of Murillo. Works : Marriage of the Virgin, Nativity, Assumption, Visitation, An- nunciation, Seville Museum. Stirling, i. 460 ; Ch. Blanc, Ecole espagnole ; Viardot, 186. CASTILLO Y SAAVEDRA, ANTONIO DEL, born in Cordova in 1603, died there in 1667. Spanish school ; son and pupil of Augustin del Castillo, after whose death he studied in Seville under Zurbaran. Became a popular portrait painter in Cordova ; also executed some religious compositions, good in design but faulty in colouring. Vigorous style, with effects worthy of Caravaggio, Said to have died of despair on seeing Mu- rillo's pictures in Seville. Works : Adora- tion of Shepherds, Madrid Museum ; others in churches and convents of Cordova, the best at the Cathedral and in convents of St. Francis and St. Paul ; Visitation, Hermitage, St. Petersburg. Stirling, ii. 807 ; Viardot, 187 ; Ch. Blanc, Ecole espagnole ; Curtis, 345 ; Madrazo, 381.
