(1870); Lake Nemi—Italy (1879); Twilight, Old Church at Arreton—Isle of Wight (1880); Sketching in the Glen, Ramapo Valley (1881); Autumn on the Hudson River (1882); Wawayanda Valley (1883); Springtime in England (1884); Misty Morning on Greenwood Lake, Lake Thrasymene—Italy (1884); October in Ramapo Valley (1885). Water-colours: On the St. Lawrence, Wickham Pond—Florida (1884).—Manhattan Mag., April, 1884.
CROQUEMITAINE, BAGAGE DE, Timoléon
Lobrichon, canvas. Croquemitaine is
one of the legendary monsters with whose
name nurses frighten children. The picture
represents a basket with four children
packed ready for departure, and a fifth sitting
beside it.—Engraved by L. Massard.
CROSS, DEPOSITION FROM. See Descent
from Cross.
CROSS, DESCENT FROM. See Descent
from Cross.
CROSS, DISCOVERY OF, Garofalo, Ferrara
Gallery; wood, H. 10 ft. 5 in. × 5 ft. 11
in. The finding of the cross by St. Helena,
mother of Constantine the Great. A rich
composition of figures with a landscape
background; above, a glory of angels.
Painted in 1536 for S. Domenico, Ferrara.—Vasari,
ed. Mil., vi. 465.
By Tintoretto, S. M. Mater Domini, Venice. A carefully-painted and attractive picture, but by no means a good specimen of the master, as far as regards power of conception. Ruskin, Stones of Venice, iii. 312; Ridolfi, Marav., ii. 212.
CROSS, ELEVATION OF. See Elevation
of Cross.
CROSS, JOHN, born in Tiverton, England,
in 1819, died in London, Feb. 26,
1861. History painter, pupil of Picot in
Paris. His Clemency of Richard Cœur de
Lion gained the first premium of £300 in
the Westminster Hall competition in 1847,
and was bought by the royal commissioners
for £1,000; and his Assassination of Thomas
à Becket (1843) is in Canterbury Cathedral.
CROSS, MIRACLE OF, Gentile Bellini,
Venice Academy; canvas, H. 10 ft. 6 in. × 13
ft. 9 in.; signed, dated 1500. A relic of the
true cross, borne in procession, is lost in the
water while crossing a bridge; many seek
it in vain, but it is at last found by Doge
Andrea Vendramin; Catherine Cornaro, ex-Queen
of Cyprus, and her suite, are among
the kneeling spectators on the left; the foremost
one of the kneeling group in front, to
right, is said to be the painter himself.
From Scuola di S. Giovanni Evangelista.—C.
& C., N. Italy, i. 132; Zanotto, Pinac.
Accad., Pl. 40; Burckhardt, 594.
By Giovanni Mansueti, Venice Academy; canvas, H. 10 ft. 6 in. × 15 ft. The relic of the cross, carried in procession (1474) at the burial of one who had doubted its miraculous powers, is arrested by an invisible force, and its bearers have to procure another one from a neighbouring chapel. Scene, a canal fringed by buildings and crossed by a drawbridge; the spectator at left, with a scroll in his hand, is supposed to be the painter himself. Painted in 1493 for Scuola di S. Giov. Evangelista.—C. & C., N. Italy, i. 220; Zanotto, Pinac. dell Accad. Venez., Pl. 28; Burckhardt, 599.
CROSS, PROCESSION OF, Gentile Bellini,
Venice Academy; canvas, H. 11 ft. 10
in. × 24 ft. 4 in.; signed, dated 1496. The
procession of the brethren of S. Giovanni
Evangelista, bearing the relic of the cross,
has issued from the portal between S. Marco
and the Pal. Ducale, and is proceeding up
the Piazza di S. Marco; Giovanni Salis, a
merchant of Brescia, kneels near the shrine
of the relic, and by making a vow to the
cross causes the healing of his son in Brescia.
Painted for the Scuola di S. Giovanni
Evangelista. The most important extant
work of the Venetian school previous to the
advent of Titian.—C. & C., N. Italy, i. 129.
CROSS, VISION OF. See Constantine.
CROWE, EYRE, born at Chelsea, Oct.,
1824. Genre painter, pupil in Paris of
Paul Delaroche, whom he accompanied to
Rome in 1843; entered schools of Royal
Academy, London, in 1844, and exhibited
