essential as variety of face, can be most certainly secured by casting all the types in one mould. All the matrices are, consequently, made with a view to being fitted to one mould. The mould forms the body, and the matrix forms the face of the type. With nearly every change of matrix there must be a new adjustment of the mould.
The word Body, as used by printers and type-founders, means the measurement of a type in one direction only—in a direction at a right angle with the regular lines or rows of printed matter. The types of the accompanying illustration are of the same height, but they are of different bodies.
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| Pica body. |
Small-pica body. |
Long-primer body. |
Bourgeois body. |
Brevier body. |
Minion body. |
Nonpareil body. |
| (See also page 18.) | ||||||
Exactness of body could be secured with little difficulty if all the types belonging to the same font were of the same width, and could be cast in one fixed and unalterable mould. But types of the same font and same body are of all widths. They vary, in the letters from the l to the W; in the spaces or blanks used to separate the words, from the hair space to the three-em quadrat. The spaces in the following illustration are of the same body, but they are of different widths, to suit the peculiarities of different kinds of printed matter.
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| Six-in-em space. |
Five-in-em space. |
Four-in-em space. |
Three-in-em space. |
En quadrat. |
Em quadrat. |
Two-em quadrat. |
Three-em quadrat. |
It is not practicable to make a mould for each character; the cost would be enormous, and the multiplicity of moulds
