^16 RHOSCOPUS. Gulf in lat. 29° 20', long. 48° 25' E. It was little better than a torrent, and is now doubtless marked by the present Bender-rik. Ptolemy (vi. 4. § 2) arfd Ammianus (xxiii. 6) call it Khogomanis ('Po- yoixavis), and Marcianus {Peripl. i. § 24, ed Miiller) Pliogonianius (^Voyofj-avLos). (Vincent, vol. i. p. 401 ; Thevenot, v. p. .535.) [V.] RHOSCOPUS ('Poir/ci^TTous), a place on the coast of Pamphylia. near the inouth of the Oe- strus, is mentioned only in the Stadiasmus (§§ 199, 200). [L. S.] RHOSOLOGIACUM or RHOSOLOGIA C'Poffo- Ao'yio), a small place in the country of the Tecto- sages in Galatia, on the road from Ancyra to Cae- sarcia Mazaca, not far from the river Halys. {It. Ant. pp. 143, 206 ; Ptol. v. 4. § 8, where some read 'OpocroAoyia or 'OpoaoAaytaKof ; It. Ilieros. p. 575, where it is called Rosolodiacum.) [L. S.] RHOSUS. [Issus.] RHOXOLA'NI. [RoxoiJVNi.] RHUANA ('Powdca al. "Pdgava ^affiXeiou), an inland town of Arabia, placed by Ptolemy (vi. 7. § 33) in long. 87°. lat. 22°. Apparently not far distant from the SW. bay of the Persian Gulf, and on the river Lar. [G. W.] RHUBON, RHUDON ('Povgoovos e/c§., Ptol. iii. 5. § 2 ; 'PovScii/oi fK§., JIarcian. Heracl. Penpl. § 39, ed. Miiller), a river of European Sarmatia which took its source in the Alani Montes and discharged itself into the Venedicus Sinus. Scha- farik {Slav. Alt. vol. i. p. 497) has identified it with the Di'ma, which, taking a direction generally W., falls into the Gulf of Riga below Fort Diliia- munde, after a course of 655 miles. This same ethnologist connects the mythic Eridanus, and the trees that wept amber, with the Rhudon of Jlar- cian (Rhubon appears to be a corrupted form), which Sabinus, a commentator upon Virgil, a. d. 1544, calls Rhodanus. The amber could be brought by land, or by water from the coasts where it was collected to the DUna, and thenco by boats con- veyed to the Borysthenes and the coasts of the Euxine. The name •' Eri-danus," closely con- nected with Rhodanus, is composed of the words " Rha" and "Don,'" roots which, in several of the In- do-European languages, signify " water, " river, as for instance in " Rha," the old name for the Volga, and Danubius, Tanais, Danapris, Danastris, and the like. [E. B. J.] RHUBRICATUS {'PouSpiKaros, Ptol. iv. 3. § 5), a river of Numidia, the same as the Ubus of the Peut. Tab., which flowed 5 M. P. to the E. of Hippo Regius, now called the Seibouse (Bartli, Waiider- ungen, p. 70). [E. B. J.] RHU'DIAE or RU'DIAE ('PouS/o, Ptol. ; 'PoiSiai, Strab.: Eth. Rudlnus: Rugge), an ancient city of the Salentines, in the interior of the Roman province of Calabria, and in the immediate vicinity of Lupiae {Lecce). (Strab. vi. p. 281; Ptol. iii. l.§ 76.) Strabo calls it a Greek city (ttiJAis 'EXMvis); but we have no other indication of this fact, and all the othfr notices we find of it would lead us to infer that it was a native Salentine or Messapian town. Under the Romans it appears to have enjoyed municipal rank (an inscription has " Municipes Rudini," Orell. 3858); but in other re.spects it was a place of little importance, and derived its sole celebrity from the circumstance of its being the birthplace of the poet Ennius. (Strab. I.e. Mel. ii. 4. § 7; Sil. Ital. xii. 393; Cic. de Or. iii. 42.) That author is repeatedly termed a Calabrian (Hor. Carm. iv. 8; Ovid. A. A. RHYNDACUS. iii. 409; Sil. Ital. I. c; Acron, ad Hor. I. c), and these passages confirm the accuracy of Ptolemy, who assigns Rbttdiae to the Salentines, and therefore to the Calabrians according to the Roman use of the name. Pliny and Mela, on the contrary, enumerate Rudiae among the towns of the Pediculi together with Barium and Egnatia, and the latter author ex- pressly excludes it from Calabria (Plin. iii. 11. s. 16; Jlel. I. c). But it seems impossible to reconcile this statement with that of Strabo, who places it near Lupiae, in the interior of the peninsula, or with the actual situation of Rudiae, which is clearly ascertained at a place still called Riigge,thoug}i now uninhabited, about a mile from Lecce, where the inscription above cited was discovered, as well as several others in the Jlessapian dialect, and many vases and other objects of antiquity. The identity of this place with the municipal town of Rudiae can therefore admit of no doubt ; nor is there any reason to question the fact that this was also the birthplace of Ennius : but considerable confusion has arisen from the mention in the Tabula of a place called " Rudae," which it places 12 miles W. of Rubi, on the road to Canusium. As this place would have been within the limits of the Pediculi or Peucetii, it has been supposed by some writers to be the same with the Rudiae of Pliny and Mela, and therefore the birthplace of Ennius ; but the claims of Rugge to this distinction appear unquestionable. (Galateo, de Sit. lapyg. p. 77; Ro- manelli, vol. ii. pp. 93 — 102; Moramsen, Unter Ital. Dialekte, p. 58.) The Rudae or Rudiae of the Tabula, which is otherwise quite unknown, must have been situated somewhere in the neighbourhood of the modern Andria. [E. H. B.] RHUS. [MEGAR.A, p. 313, b.] RHU'SIUM {^Povaiov, Anna Comn. vii. pp. 210, 215), a town in Thrace on the road from Siracellae to Aenos. Now Ruskoi. [T. H. D.j RHUTUPIAE [RuTUPiAE.] RHY'iMMICI JIONTES (^Pv^tiiKo. hpr,, Ptol. vi. 14. §§ 4, 10, 11), a mountain chain of Asiatic Sar- matia, of which no nearer indication can be given than that it belongs to the great meridian chain, or rather assemblage of nearly parallel mountain chains, of the Ural. Tl'.e river Riiyjimus ('Pu/u^bs ttoto^os, Ptol. vi. 14. §§ 2, 4), which has been a sore puzzle to geo- graphers, took its source in these mountains and discharged itself into the Caspian between the Rha {Volga) and the Daix {Ural). In the present day there is, W. of the embouchure of the Ural to the great delta of the Volga, only one small stream which reaches the Caspian, under the name of the Nargn Chara (Goebel, Raise in die Step- pen, vol. ii. p. 342). This river is probably the Rhymmus of Ptolemy. (Humboldt, Asie Centrale, vol. ii. p. 1S7.) [E.B.J.] RHY'XDACUS {'Pvv'SaKos), an important river in the province of Hcllespontus, which has its sources at the foot of Mount Olympus in Phrygia Epictetus, near the town of Azani. (Scylax, p. 35 ; Plin. v. 40; Pomp. Mela, i. 19 ; Strab. xii. p. 576.) Ac- cording to Pliny, it was at one time called Lycus, and had its origin in the lake of Miletopolis ; but this notion is incorrect. The river flows at first in a noi'th-western direction, forming the boundary be- tween Mysia and Bithynia, through the lake of. Apollonia, and in the neighbourhood of Miletopolis receives the river Megistus, and discharges itself into the Propontis opposite the island of Bcsbicus.
