Royal Asiatic Society's Journal and for the Geographical Society, on Assyria and Babylonia, Persia, Turkistan, Central Asia : also in the periodical reviews : and published England and Russia in the East, 1875, expressing his pronounced views on Russian policy and action in Central Asia.
RAYMOND ( ? –1791)
Haji Mustapha was his other name, after his pilgrimage, in 1770, to Mecca : born in Constantinople : a native of Turkey : called himself a Turk : went to France, 1741 : educated at Paris : went to India, 1751 : employed as a writer in the French service on the coast till 1756 : joined the English service in Bengal, as interpreter or linguist to Clive (q.v.) : dismissed by him, 1758 : was stopped on his journey to Pondicherry at Masulipatam : sent with his papers to Bengal to be tried as a spy : imprisoned for some months, released in March, 1761 : went to Manilla, 1761 : returned to Bengal : employed by Vansittart in inland trade : translated the Sair, or Siyar-ul-muta'akhkhirin of Ghulam Hussein Khan (q.v.), and published it at Calcutta, 1789, the translation being dedicated to Warren Hastings : the whole edition of the translation lost on the voyage to England, except a few copies circulated in Calcutta : he died, 1791 : probate was refused to his will, as containing evidence that he was a Muhammadan : the translation reprinted, 1902.
RAYMOND, MICHEL JOACHIM MIRIE (1765–1798)
Born Sep. 20, 1755 : son of a merchant in France : went out to Pondicherry in 1775, in trade : took service under Hyder and Tippoo, and fought against the English : Bussy, on reaching India in 1783, made him his A.D.C. : after Bussy's death, in 1785, he entered the employ of Nizam Ali Khan, Subadar of the Dekkan : by 1795 he had organized 15,000 native troops under European officers, and was with them at the defeat of the Nizam's Army by the Mahrattas at Kurdla, March 12, 1795 : he suppressed the revolt of the Nizam's eldest son Alijah : he died suddenly, March 25, 1798 : much loved and admired by the natives.
RAYNAL, GUILLAUME THOMAS FRANCOIS (1713–1796)
Abbe : born 1713 : educated by the Jesuits : became an historical and political writer, one of the writers of the Encyclopedia : the principal of his works published at Paris was the Philosophical History of the Settlements in the East and West Indies, anonymously, in 1770 : an enlarged edition was published in 1781 and burnt by the common hangman. He wrote in defence of the rights of property, greatly irritating the revolutionists : his property was taken from him, and he died in great poverty at Passy in 1796.
READ,KATHERINE (1723–1778)
Daughter Of Alexander Read Of Forfar-Shire : Born Feb. 3, 1723 : Studied Painting In Paris: In 1751 Took To Painting Portraits For Money : Settled At Rome, 1751–3, Studying Under A French Painter, Painting Portraits And Figures : In London Painted Most Of The Notabilities, Including Queen Charlotte : Paintress To The (Then) Queen : Visited By Fanny Burney : Went To India, 1775, To Her Brother William At Madras : Remained There, Always Occupied In Painting, Though Constantly Invited To Bengal : Died At Sea On Her Voyage Home, Dec 15, 1778.
READE, EDWARD ANDERTON (1807–1886)
I.C.S. : born March 15, 1807 : son of John Reade : educated at Chichester and Haileybury, 1823–5 : went out to India, 1826 : served in the N.W.P. : Commissioner of Benares : Member of Board of Revenue, Agra, 1853 : on special duty in the Sagar and Nerbudda territories : in the mutiny was in the fort at Agra : and very active in taking defensive measures : saved the revenue records : on Mr. Colvin's death he, as the senior civil officer, temporarily carried on the administration : exerted himself to prevent indiscriminate vengeance : retired, 1880 : C.B. : died Feb. II, 1886.
READE, SIR JOHN BY COLE (1832–)
Born July 7, 1832 : son of George Hume Reade : educated privately and at Edinburgh University : entered Army Medical Department, 1854 : Surgeon-General, 1888 : retired, 1893 : served in the Crimea, 1854–5 : Indian mutiny, 1857–8 : Afghan
