the fabric and the character and order of the services were due to his authority or influence; he spared no trouble and no expense in fulfilling his desire to make the cathedral services 'a pattern of devout worship.' The chapter benefited by his capacity for business. He devoted much time to conducting working people and colonial and foreign visitors over the cathedral and instructing them in its history and architecture; he took part in many local endeavours for religious and social reforms, and was active in the cause of temperance. He was a liberal in politics, and although a high churchman, cordially co-operated with nonconformists in social and philanthropic work.
Throughout life he read and wrote much ecclesiastical history and biography. His historical work is scholarly, careful, and attractively presented. He was a sympathetic biographer, and able to depict personality. He published: 1. 'St. Chrysostom: his Life and Times,' 1872, 1880. 2. 'Memorials of the South Saxon See and the Cathedral Church of Chichester,' 1876. 3. 'Christianity and Islam, the Bible and the Koran, Four Lectures,' 1877. 4. Two pamphlets on the 'Burials Question' and 'Cathedral Chapters considered as Diocesan Councils,' 1877. 5. 'The Life and Letters of Walter Farquhar Hook, D.D.,' 2 vols. 1878, a biography of high merit which met with much success (condensed edition, 1880). 6. 'The Relations between Culture and Religion, Three Lectures,' 1881. 7. 'The South Saxon Diocese, Selsey, Chichester,' in 'Diocesan Histories,' 1881. 'Memoir of the Right Hon. William Page Wood, Baron Hatherley,' 2 vols. 1883. 9. 'Hildebrand and his Times,' in Bp. Creighton's 'Epochs of Church History,' 1886. 10. A translation from St. Chrysostom, 'On the Christian Priesthood,' in Schaff's 'Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers,' xii. 1889. 11. 'Life and Letters of E. A. Freeman,' 2 vols. 1895, too long a record of the uneventful life of a scholar. 12. Completion of Dean Kitchin's pamphlet on ' The Great Screen in Winchester Cathedral,' 1899. 13. 'Memoir of Richard Durnford, D.D., Bishop of Chichester,' 1899. 14. 'Helps to the Study of the Book of Common Prayer,' 2nd edit. 1901. 15. ' A History of the English Church from the Norman Conquest to the Accession of Edward I,' 1901, the second volume of 'A History of the English Church,' edited by him and W. Hunt, complete in 9 vols., of which he only lived to see four published. 16. 'The Bishops of Winchester,' with the Rev. Canon W. W. Capes, reprinted from the 'Winchester Diocesan Chronicle,' 1907, 4to. He also in 1887, in conjunction with the Rev. Walter Hook, produced a revised edition of Dean Hook's 'Church Dictionary,' and he contributed several articles, including that on St. Anselm, to this Dictionary. A portrait in oils by Mr. Frederic Calderon is in the possession of his widow.
[Private information; personal knowledge; the Guardian, 31 Dec. 1902; Memoir reprinted, with reproduction of a photograph, from the Hampshire Observer, 27 Dec. 1902 and 3 Jan. 1903.]
STEPHENSON, Sir FREDERICK CHARLES ARTHUR (1821–1911), general, born in London on 17 July 1821, was son of Sir Benjamin Charles Stephenson, K.C.H., surveyor-general of the board of works by his wife Maria, daughter of the Rev. Sir Peter Rivers, sixth baronet. He was present as a page of honour at the coronation of William IV on 8 Sept. 1831, and thereby became entitled to a commission in the army. He joined the Scots Guards as a lieutenant on 25 July 1837, and was promoted captain on 13 Jan. 1843. He was appointed brigade major in April 1854, and attained the rank of lieut.-colonel on 20 June following. He served throughout the Crimean war with his regiment. He was engaged at the battles of Alma and Inkerman, and during the siege of Sevastopol he acted as military secretary to General Sir James Simpson [q. v.], who succeeded to the command of the British troops in the Crimea on 28 June 1855. For his services Stephenson received the medal with four clasps, the legion of honour, and the fourth class of the order of the Mejidie. In 1857 he sailed for China, and was wrecked in the transport vessel Transit off the straits of Banca. Although some of the troops under his charge were diverted to India, where the Mutiny had just broken out, Stephenson himself proceeded to China, where he was nominated assistant adjutant-general to the force under Sir Charles Van Straubenzee [q. v.]. He took part in the capture of Canton (5 Jan. 1858), and after the conclusion of peace at Tientsin he remained with the army of occupation. He was gazetted C.B., and was twice mentioned in despatches (Lond. Gaz. 5 Mar., 15 Oct. 1858). On the renewal of hostilities in 1860 he shared in Sir Hope Grant's expedition and was present at the storming of the Taku forts (21 Aug.) and the capture of Pekin (15 Oct.). Stephenson was awarded the Chinese medal with three clasps, and on his return
