moted major-general on 27 May 1825 for his services, prepared to advance from Prome on Ava, the capital of Burma, when Burmese envoys came into Prome and asked for terms. Campbell, who had been specially entrusted by Lord Amherst with the political as well as the military conduct of the campaign, announced that peace would only be granted on terms which were rejected, and Campbell again advanced. An assault upon the stockades of Wattee-Goung failed, and Brigadier-general Macdowall was killed on 16 Nov., but Campbell was again able to make up for the failures of his subordinates by storming the stockades on 26 Nov. On his approach towards the capital the king of Burma sent envoys to his camp once more, and a truce was made on 26 Dec. But Campbell soon discovered that the negotiations were only intended to gain time, so he continued his advance on 2 Jan., and by storming Melloon, the last fortified place on the way to Ava, so frightened the king that he accepted the terms offered, and signed a treaty of peace at Yandaboo on 26 Feb. 1826. The successful termination of this war was received with enthusiasm in England and India. Campbell was made a G.C.B. on 26 Dec. 1826, voted a gold medal and an income of 1,000l. a year by the court of directors, and thanked by the governor-general, Lord Amherst. For three years after his success he governed the ceded provinces of Burma, and acted as civil commissioner to the courts of Burma and Siam, but in 1829 he had to return to England from ill-health.
He was received with great distinction on his arrival; was on 30 Sept. 1831 created a baronet, and on 14 Nov. 1831 was granted special arms, and the motto ‘Ava’ by royal license. From 1831 to 1837 he filled the office of lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick, and was in the latter year nominated to command in chief in Canada if Sir John Colborne left the colony. In 1838 he was promoted lieutenant-general, and in 1840 became colonel of the 62nd regiment; in August 1839 he was appointed commander-in-chief at Bombay, but had to refuse the appointment from ill-health, and on 6 Oct. 1843 he died at the age of 74. He married Helen, daughter of Sir John Macdonald of Garth, by whom he had a son, General Sir John Campbell (1816-1855) [q. v.]
[Royal Military Calendar; Wellington Despatches and Supplementary Despatches; obituary notice in Colburn’s United Service Magazine. For the Burmese War: Documents illustrative of the Burmese War, compiled and edited by H. H. Wilson, Calcutta, 1827; Snodgrass’s Narrative of the Burmese War, London, 1827 Havelock’s Memoir of the Three Campaigns of Major-general Sir A. Campbell’s Army in Ava, Serampore, 1828; Wilson’s Narrative of the Burmese War in 1824-6, London, 1852; and Doveton’s Reminiscences of the Burmese War, 1824-5-6, London, 1852.]
CAMPBELL, COLIN, second Lord Campbell and first Earl of Argyll (d. 1493), was the son of Archibald, second, but eldest, surviving son of Sir Duncan Campbell of Lochow, created Lord Campbell in 1445. He succeeded his grandfather in 1453. On the death of his father he was placed under the care of his uncle, Sir Colin Campbell of Glenorchy, who concluded a match between him and Isabel Stewart, the eldest of the three daughters, and coheiresses of John, third lord of Lorne. Having acquired the principal part of the landed property of the two sisters of his wife, he exchanged certain lands in Perthshire for the lordship of Lorne with Walter, their uncle, on whom the lordship of Lorne, which stood limited to heirs male, had devolved. In 1457 he was created, by James II, Earl of Argyll. He was one of the commissioners for negotiating a truce with Edward IV of England, in 1463. In 1465 he was appointed, along with Lord Boyd, lord justiciary of Scotland on the south of the Forth, and after the flight of Lord Boyd to England he acted as sole justiciary. In 1474 he was appointed one of the commissioners to settle the treaty of alliance with Edward IV, by which James, prince of Scotland, was affianced to Cecilia, youngest daughter of Edward. Early in 1483 he received the office of lord high chancellor of Scotland. He was one of the commissioners sent to France in 1484 te renew the ancient league with the crown, which was confirmed at Paris 9 July, and also one of the commissioners who concluded the pacification at Nottingham with Richard III, 21 Sept. of the same year. In 1487 he joined the conspiracy of the nobles against James III, and at the time of the murder of the king, after the battle of Sauchieburn, he was in England on an embassy to Henry VII. After the accession of James IV he was restored to the office of lord high chancellor. He died 10 May 1493. He had two sons and seven daughters. It is from him that the greatness of the house of Argyll properly dates. Besides the lordship of Lorne he also acquired that of Campbell and Castle Campbell in the parish of Dollar, and in 1481 he received a grant of many lands in Knapdale, along with the keeping of Catle Sweyn, which had formerly been held by the lords of the Isles. In the general political transactions of Scotland he acted a leading part,
