of John Bolland, M.P., who died in 1852, and had issue: (1) James Gylby [see below]; (2) John Gylby, canon of Lichfield; (3) Fanny Catherine, married Edmund, first Lord Grimthorpe; (4) Sophia, married the Rev. William Bryans; (5) Lucy Maria.
Lonsdale, James Gylby (1816–1892), the bishop's eldest son, born at Clapham on 14 Oct. 1816, was educated at Laleham School under the Rev. J. Buckland, brother-in-law of Dr. Arnold of Rugby, and at Eton, where, in March 1834, he won the Newcastle scholarship, Lord Lyttelton, who was afterwards senior classic at Cambridge, being medallist. On 29 Nov. 1833 he was elected open scholar of Balliol College, Oxford, graduating B.A. in 1837 with a first class in classics and a second in mathematics, was fellow of his college from 1838 to 1864, tutor in 1840, and taking holy orders in 1842. He inherited his father's aptitude for classical composition, and as a college tutor was highly esteemed alike by colleagues and pupils. From 1865 to 1870 he held the professorship of classical literature at King's College, London. He was rector of South Luffenham, Rutland, from 1870 to 1873, and of Huntspill, Somerset, from 1873 to 1878, both livings being in the gift of his college. With his friend Samuel Lee, Latin lecturer at University College, London, he published prose translations of ‘Virgil’ (1871) and ‘Horace’ (1873) in the ‘Globe’ series. He died at Bath 30 April 1892. A tablet has been erected to his memory in Balliol College chapel.
[Life of Bishop Lonsdale by Edmund Beckett Denison (Lord Grimthorpe), with a photographed portrait 1868; private information.]
LONSDALE, WILLIAM (1794–1871), geologist, youngest son of William Lonsdale by his wife, Mary, daughter of William Wagstaffe of Higham Ferrers, Northamptonshire, was born at Bath on 9 Sept. 1794, obtained a commission on 4 Feb. 1812 in the 4th (King's Own) regiment, in which his two brothers were already serving, served in the Peninsular war, and obtained a clasp for the battle of Salamanca. He was also present at Waterloo and received the medal, but shortly after 1815 he retired on the half-pay of a lieutenant. Settling at Batheaston, he devoted himself to the study of geology; began by collecting fossils, numerous examples of which he presented to the Bath Literary and Scientific Institution, and showed so much talent for method and classification that he was in 1826 appointed curator of the natural history department of the Bath Museum. On 15 May 1829 he was elected F.G.S., and was shortly afterwards summoned to London as successor to Thomas Webster, the Geological Society's curator and librarian. The Wollaston fund was awarded him in 1832 in order to aid him in his investigation of the oolite districts of Gloucestershire, commenced in 1830. He resigned his office, after thirteen years' service, in 1842, when he was succeeded by Edward Forbes [q. v.]. The society was indebted to Lonsdale during his term of office for an innovation in the shape of the skilful condensation of its ‘Transactions.’ After his retirement he pursued his geological studies in various parts of the west of England. In 1846 he received both Wollaston fund and medal in recognition of his researches into the various kinds of corals. Leonard Horner [q. v.] spoke highly of the value of his work, as did Sir Henry de la Beche [q. v.] in presenting him with the fund (for the fourth time) in 1849. He died, unmarried, at his house in the City Road, Bristol, on 11 Nov. 1871, and was buried in the Arno's Vale cemetery.
Lonsdale's papers are: 1. ‘On the Oolitic District of Bath’ (Geol. Soc. Trans. 2nd ser. vol. iii. 1829). 2. ‘Report of a Survey on the Oolitic Formations of Gloucestershire’ (Proc. vol. i. 1832). 3. ‘On the Age of the Limestones of South Devonshire’ (Trans. 2nd ser. vol. v. 1840). 4. ‘Three Papers on Polyparia from America’ (Journal, vol. i. 1845). 5. ‘On Fossil Zoophytes found in the Section from Atherfield to Rocken End, Isle of Wight’ (ib. vol. v. 1848). Of these by far the most important is No. 3, which entitles Lonsdale to a place beside Murchison and Sedgwick as co-originator of the theory of the independence of the devonian system, as being of an age intermediate between that of the carboniferous and that of the silurian systems. The independent origin of the old red sandstone was first suggested by Lonsdale in 1837.
[Memoir in W. S. Mitchell's Notes on the Early Geologists connected with neighbourhood of Bath, 1872, pp. 31–9; Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxviii.; Geol. Soc. Proc. iv. 42, 43, 67.]
LOOKUP, JOHN (fl. 1740), theologian, was a disciple of John Hutchinson (1674–1737) [q. v.], the philosopher. He wrote: 1. ‘The Erroneous Translations in the Vulgar Versions of the Scriptures detected in several instances taken from the Original. With a previous Essay upon the Doctrine of the Trinity,’ 8vo, London, 1739; 2nd edit. 1740. The ‘Essay’ was written in deprecation of a pamphlet by E. Johnson, entitled ‘A Plain Account of the Trinity from Scripture and Reason,’ 1739. 2. ‘Berashith, or the First Book of Moses, call'd Genesis, translated from the Original,’ 8vo, London, 1740, which is inscribed to John Potter, arch-
