which grew his Handbook of Greek Archaeology (1892). In 1894–1896 Dr Murray directed some excavations in Cyprus undertaken by means of a bequest of £2000 from Miss Emma Tournour Turner. The objects obtained are described and illustrated in Excavations in Cyprus, published by the trustees of the museum in 1900. Among Dr Murray’s other official publications are three folio volumes on Terra-cotta Sarcophagi, White Athenian Vases and Designs from Greek Vases. In 1898 he wrote for the Portfolio a monograph on Greek bronzes, founded on lectures delivered at the Royal Academy in that year, and he contributed many articles on archaeology to standard publications. In recognition of his services to archaeology he was made LL.D. of Glasgow University in 1887 and elected a corresponding member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences in 1900. He died in March 1904.
MURRAY, DAVID (1849–), Scottish painter, was born in Glasgow, and spent some years in commercial pursuits before he practised as an artist. He was elected an associate of the Royal Academy in 1891 and academician in 1905; and also became an associate of the Royal Scottish Academy and of the Royal Society of Painters in Water Colours, and a member
of the Royal Scottish Water Colour Society. He is a landscape
painter of distinction, and two of his pictures, “My Love is
gone a-sailing” (1884) and “In the Country of Constable”
(1903), have been bought for the 'National Gallery of British
Art. “Young Wheat,” painted in 1890, is one of his most
noteworthy works.
MURRAY, EUSTACE CLARE GRENVILLE (1824–1881),
English journalist, was born in 1824, the natural son of the 2nd
duke of Buckingham. Educated at Magdalen Hall (Hertford
College), Oxford, he entered the diplomatic service through the
influence of Lord Palmerston, and in 1851 joined the British
embassy at Vienna as attaché. At the same time he agreed
to act as Vienna correspondent of a London daily paper, a
breach of the conventions of the British Foreign Office which
cost him his post. In 1852 he was transferred to Hanover,
and thence to Constantinople, and finally, in 1855, was made
consul-general at Odessa. In 1868 he returned to England,
and devoted himself to journalism. He contributed to the
early numbers of Vanity Fair, and in 1869 founded a clever but
abusive society paper, the Queen’s Messenger. For a libel
published in this paper Lord Carrington horsewhipped him
on the doorstep of a London club. Murray was subsequently
charged with perjury for denying on oath his authorship of the
article. Remanded on bail, he escaped to Paris, where he
subsequently lived, acting as correspondent of various London
papers. In 1874 he helped Edmund Yates to found the World.
Murray died at Passy on the 20th of December 1881. His score of books, several of which were translated into French and published in Paris, include French Pictures in English Chalk (1876–1878); The Roving Englishman in Turkey (1854); Men of the Second Empire (1872); Young Brown (1874); Sidelights on English Society (1881); and Under the Lens: Social Photographs (1885).
MURRAY, LORD GEORGE (1694–1760), Scottish Jacobite
general, fifth son of John, 1st duke of Atholl, by his first wife,
Catherine, daughter of the 3rd duke of Hamilton, was born
at Huntingtower, near Perth, on the 4th of October 1694.
He joined the army in Flanders in June 1712; in 1715, contrary
to their father’s wishes, he and his brothers, the marquis of
Tullibardine and Lord Charles Murray, joined the Jacobite rebels
under the earl of Mar, each brother commanding a regiment of
men of Atholl. Lord Charles was taken prisoner at Preston,
but after the collapse of the rising Lord George escaped with
Tullibardine to South Uist, and thence to France. In 1719
Murray took part in the Jacobite attempt in conjunction with
the Spaniards in the western highlands, under the command of
Tullibardine and the earl marischal, which terminated in “the
affair of Glenshiel” on the 10th of June, when he was wounded
while commanding the right wing of the Jacobites. After
hiding for some months in the highlands he reached Rotterdam
in May 1720. There is no evidence for the statement that
Murray served in the Sardinian army, and little is known of his
life on the continent till 1724, when he returned to Scotland,
where in the following year he was granted a pardon. The duke
of Atholl died in 1724 and was succeeded in the title by his second
son James, owing to the attainder of Tullibardine; and Lord George leased from his brother the old family property of Tullibardine in Strathearn, where he lived till 1745.
On the eve of the Jacobite rising of 1745 the duke of Perth made overtures to Lord, George Murray on behalf of the Pretender; but even after the landing of Charles Edward in Scotland in July, accompanied by Tullibardine, Murray’s attitude remained doubtful. He accompanied his brother the duke to Crieff on the 21st of August to pay his respects to Sir John Cope, the commander of the government troops, and he permitted the duke to appoint him deputy-sheriff of Perthshire. It has been suggested that Murray acted with duplicity, but his hesitation was natural and genuine; and it was not till early in September, when Charles Edward was at Blair Castle, which had been vacated by the duke of Atholl on the prince’s approach, that Murray decided to espouse the Stuart cause. He then wrote to his brother explaining that he did so for conscientious reasons, while realizing the risk of ruin it involved. On joining the Jacobite army Lord George received a commission as lieutenant-general, though the prince ostentatiously treated him with want of confidence; and he was flouted by the Irish adventurers who were the Pretender’s trusted advisers. At Perth Lord George exerted himself with success to introduce discipline and organization in the army he was to command, and he gained the confidence of the highland levies, with Whose habits and methods of fighting he was familiar. He also used his influence to prevent the exactions and arbitrary interference with civil rights which Charles was too ready to sanction on the advice of others. At Prestonpans, on the 21st of September, Lord George, who led the Jacobite left wing in person, was practically commander-in-chief, and it was to his able generalship that the victory was mainly due. During the six weeks’ occupation of Edinburgh he did useful work in the further organization and disciplining of the army. He opposed Charles’s plan of invading England, and when his judgment was overruled he prevailed on the prince to march into Cumberland, which he knew to be favourable ground for highlander tactics, instead of advancing against General Wade, whose army was posted at Newcastle. He conducted the siege of Carlisle, but on the surrender of the town on the 14th of November he resigned his command on the ground that his authority had been insufficiently upheld by the prince, and he obtained permission to serve as a volunteer in the ranks of the Atholl levies. The dissatisfaction, however, of the army with the appointment of the duke of Perth to succeed him compelled Charles to reinstate Murray, who accordingly commanded the Jacobites in the march to Derby. Here on the 5th of December a council was held at which Murray urged the necessity for retreat, owing to the failure of the English Jacobites to support the invasion and the absence of aid from France. As Murray was supported by the council the retreat was ordered, to the intense chagrin of Charles, who never forgave him; but the failure of the enterprise was mainly chargeable to Charles himself, and it was not without justice that Murray’s aide de camp, the chevalier Johnstone, declared that “had Prince Charles slept during the whole of the expedition, and allowed Lord George Murray to act for him according to his own judgment, he would have found the crown of Great Britain on his head when he awoke.” Lord George commanded the rear-guard during the retreat; and this task, rendered doubly dangerous by the proximity of Cumberland in the rear and Wade on the flank, was made still more difficult by the incapacity and petulance of the Pretender. By a skilfully fought rearguard action at Clifton Moor, Lord George enabled the army to reach Carlisle safely and without loss of stores or war material; and on the 3rd of January 1746 the force entered Stirling, where they were joined by reinforcements from Perth. The prince laid siege to Stirling Castle, while Murray defeated General Hawley near Falkirk; but the losses of the Jacobites by sickness and desertion, and the approach of Cumberland, made retreat
