the Susquehannah by the name of Pe-quay, or the Pleasant Fields.[1]
4th.] To Middleton, grunstein and argillaceous trap, with sand-stone conglomerate, and Spanish-brown slate-clay alternate and succeed each other, affording an indifferent soil, and forming lofty hills, with precipitous declivities and narrow valleys. The sylvan hills of the Susquehanna are, however, calcareous and underlayed with common bluish grey and chlorite slate, which as at Lancaster abounds with scattered or imbedded cubic pyrites.[2] The long bridge of a mile and a quarter, connecting with a small island, crosses a wide and shallow part of the river, whose bed is of slate (or argillite).
5th.] About half past seven, I left Harrisburgh, and in the course of the day proceeded through Carlisle to within five miles of Shippensburg,[3] a distance of about 31 miles, over a deeply undulated country, evincing, by the ease and comfort of its scattered population, no inconsiderable degree of fertility in the soil, which is calcareous. The first considerable chain of hills, proceeding from north-east to south-west, clad with unbroken forests, appeared on our left during most part of the day, and indicated an approach to the mountains.
6th.] This evening I arrived at Cammels'-town,[4] situated at the foot of the North Mountain. The inter-*
- ↑ In colonial days, the Pequea Indians lived on the creek of that name, in Lancaster County. A township of this county still bears the name.—Ed.
- ↑ The chlorite slate of the Wissahickon, near Germantown, considered as primitive, contains similar pyrites with octahedral crystals of iron ore.—Nuttall.
- ↑ For the early history of Carlisle and Shippensburg, see Post's Journals, volume i of our series, notes 75, 76.—Ed.
- ↑ Cammels'-town (Campbellstown?); no such town remains. The early settlers in the region were Scotch-Irish, and the name Campbell appears among them as early as 1766.—Ed.
