CHAPTER XIV
DEPENDENT PLANTS
Thus far we have spoken of plants with roots and
foliage and that depend on themselves. They collect the
raw materials and make them over into assimilable food.
They are independent. Plants without green foliage cannot
make food; they
must have it made for
them or they die.
They are dependent. A
sprout from a potato
tuber in a dark cellar
cannot collect and elaborate
carbon dioxid. It
lives on the food stored
in the tuber.
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Fig. 131.—A Mushroom, example of a saprophytic plant. This is the edible cultivated mushroom.
All plants with naturally white or blanched parts are dependent. Their leaves do not develop. They live on organic matter—that which has been made by a plant or elaborated by an animal. The dodder, Indian pipe, beech drop, coral root among flower-bearing plants, also mushrooms and other fungi (Figs. 131, 132) are examples. The dodder is common in swales, being conspicuous late in the season from its thread-like yellow or orange stems spreading over the herbage of other plants. One kind attacks alfalfa and is a bad pest. The seeds germinate in the spring, but as soon as the twining stem at-
