Rome and Carthage 135 Carthage was still a danger to Rome that he concluded all his speeches in the Senate with the words, "Carthage must be de- stroyed." For over fifty years more the merchants of Carthage were permitted to traffic in the western Mediterranean, and then the ruthless hand of Rome was laid upon the doomed city for the last time. Rome eagerly seized an excuse to renew hostilities and at- tack her old enemy. In the three years' war that followed, THE HARBORS OF CARTHAGE AS THEY ARE TODAY Of the city destroyed by the Romans almost nothing has survived. It was rebuilt under Julius Caesar, but, as we see here, very little of this later city has survived. Thorough and systematic excavation would probably recover many valuable remains of ancient Carthaginian civilization, of which we know so little the beautiful city was finally captured and utterly destroyed (146 B.C.). Its territories were taken by Rome and reorganized into the Province of Africa. Thus ended the long struggle with a complete victory for Rome. 213. Summary. The struggle of centuries between the original four rivals in the western Mediterranean the Etruscans, Greeks, Carthaginians, and Romans ended in the triumph of the seem- ingly weakest of all, the city on the Tiber. Racially the western wing of the Indo-Europeans on the north side of the Mediterra- nean had proved victorious over the Semitic peoples on the south
