[f] (e) Collocation of the thing and its name, e.g. בְּהַֽרֲרָם שֵׁעִיר in their mountainous district, Seir (perhaps only a later gloss), Gn 146; הָאָ֫רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן the land Canaan (כנען probably only a later gloss), Nu 342; cf. Ezr 91, 1 Ch 59 (see under g below).—For examples of nouns in the construct state before a noun in apposition, see § 130 e.
[g] Rem. 1. Only in certain combinations does the noun of nearer definition come first, e.g. הַמֶּ֫לֶךְ דָּוִד, הַמֶּ֫לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה king David, king Solomon (less frequently דָּוִד הַמֶּ֫לֶךְ as in 2 S 1339, 1 K 217, 122, 2 K 829, 915, and in late Hebrew, Hag 11, 15 [cf. the Aramaic order דריוש מלבא], and often in Chron.).—A chiasmus occurs in Is 454, the name standing after the defining noun in the first part of the verse, and before it in the parallel clause.
[h] 2. When the nota accusativi (אֵת, אֶת־) or a preposition precedes the first substantive, it may be repeated before the noun in apposition, e.g. Gn 42, 222, 244, 4729, Is 6621; this usually occurs when the nearer definition precedes a proper name. As a rule, however, the repetition does not take place (Dt 181, Jer 3318, 1 S 214). A noun in apposition is made determinate, even after a noun with a prefix, in the ordinary way, e.g. 2 Ch 1213 בִּירֽוּשָׁלַ֫יִם הָעִיר in Jerusalem, the city which, &c.[1]
[i] 3. Sometimes a second adjective is used in apposition to a preceding adjective, in order to modify in some way the meaning of the first, e.g. Lv 1319 בַּהֶ֫רֶת לְבָנָה אֲדַמְדָּ֑מֶת a white-reddish (light red) bright spot.
[k] 4. Permutation is to be regarded as a variety of apposition. It is not complementary like apposition proper (see a above), but rather defines the preceding substantive (or pronoun, see below), in order to prevent any possible misunderstanding. This includes cases like Gn 94 with the life thereof (which is) the blood thereof; Ex 2230, Dt 226, 1 S 79, 2 K 34 an hundred thousand rams, the wool, i.e. the wool of the rams; Jer 2515 this cup of the wine, that is of fury (but הַֽהֵמָה is probably a gloss); Is 4225 he poured upon him fury, namely his anger;[2] but especially the examples in which such a permutative is added to a preceding pronoun, viz.—
[l] (a) To a separate pronoun, e.g. Ex 711; with regard to the vocative, cf. § 126 f.
[m] (b) To an accusative suffix, e.g. Ex 26 she saw him, the child (unless אֶת־הַיּ׳ be a later gloss); Ex 355, Lv 1357 b, 1 K 1921 (where, indeed, הַבָּשָׂר appears to be a late gloss); 21:13, 2 K 1615 Keth., Jer 914, 312, Ez 321, Ec 221 (according to Delitzsch rather a double accusative).[3]
[n] (c) To a noun-suffix, e.g. Ez 103 בְּבֹאוֹ הָאִישׁ when he went in, the man; 42:14; cf. Pr 134 (?), Ez 312; so also after a preposition with suffix, e.g. Ec 410 אִי לוֹ הָֽאֶחָד woe to him, the one alone; with a repetition of the preposition, Nu 3233, Jos 12 לָהֶם לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל to them, to the children of Israel; Ju 217, Jer 5156,
- ↑ In 1 K 118 participles after לְכָל־נָשָׂיו, as in 2 K 106 after אֶת־גְּדֹלֵי הָעִיר, in 19:2 after a determinate accusative, and in Hag 14 after בְּבָֽתֵּיכֶם, are used without the article; these, however, are probably to be explained not as in apposition, but according to § 118 p.
- ↑ But מַ֫יִם Gn 617 (cf. 7:6) is to be regarded as a later gloss upon the archaic מַבּוּל.
- ↑ For וַיְשַׁנּוֹ 1 S 2114 either’ וַיְשַׁנֶּה is to be read or the Kethîbh is to be explained according to § 75 b, note. Also יִלְכְּדֻנוֹ Pr 522 has hardly preserved the correct form.
