Page:Graphic methods for presenting facts (1914).djvu/17

of change. A grand total cumulative curve plotted from several other
cumulative curves. Cumulative curves for the determination of storage
requirements for water supplies.


Chapter X. Frequency Curves. Correlation 164

The arrangement of objects so that their position shows a crude frequency
curve. Vertical bars to represent frequency. Frequency curves. The
"mode." Frequency curves much easier to interpret than charts using
bars or areas. Cumulative frequency curves. The use of cumulative
frequency curves for business problems. Cumulative frequency curves
preferably plotted on a "more than" basis instead of on a "less than"
basis. Necessity for making the independent variable the horizontal
scale. Wage comparisons for industrial work. Studies of the percentage of
clerical work and percentage of revenue from orders of various sizes. Pin
boards to record costs of doing work on orders of different size. Theoretical
curves for percentage of clerical work and percentage of revenue from
orders of different size. The Lorenz curve. Correlation curves. "Shot-*gun"
diagrams. Plotting curves to represent numerous points. Shaded
areas to represent numerous dots. Correlation charts for two independent
variables. Isometrically ruled paper for chart work.


Chapter XI. Map Presentations 208

Map presentation of prime importance. Shading of different areas. The
Ben Day method of mechanical shading. Lines of equality. Profiles.
Maps with circles or dots representing quantities. Shaded areas with a
key to represent quantity. Miscellaneous methods. Map charts showing
traffic. Map models with built up strips to show quantities.


Chapter XII. Maps and Pins 227

Map tacks projecting above the map. Map pins pushed in till the heads
touch the map. Photographing pin maps. Mounting maps for use with
map pins. Wall maps for use with pins. Map cabinet systems. Pin maps
for advertising work. Pins bearing identifying numbers. Spot maps to a
scale with each dot representing some large quantity. Routing systems.
Various types of pins and beads available. Bead maps and their great
advantages.


Chapter XIII. Curves for the Executive 254

Peak-top curves versus flat tops. Methods for combining curves with
figures recording the data. Cards for plotting curves for operating records.
Advantages of the card method for instantaneous comparison of different
curves. Typical operating curves for a manufacturing business. Typical
records for a selling organization. Arrangement of the card system for extension
with increase of business. Moving average curves for operating records.
Record cards for preserving all information regarding each curve.