6o THE TOMB OF MAUSOLUS. upwards, are superimposed, giving a total height for the shaft only of 26, 1 1 J. This furnishes a maximum dimension, for the drums Fig. 47. — Sketch of the Cast. Fig. 48. — Restored Abacus of the Cast. of the several columns would have varied in their heights, and in the series of drums brought together the upper ones, for the most part, overlapped those next below by a quarter of an inch or so. Making allowance for these differences, I estimate the height of the shaft at about 24, 9. The capital and the base add 2, 6, and the plinth, following the analogy of Priene, would have been 9 inches. This gives a total of 28, o, nearly 8 diameters, or, accepting Penrose's calculation of 28, 6, we get 8 dia- meters exactly. I am satisfied that the columns were, at most, not higher than this. A reason for the abnormally stout proportion is furnished by the great burden these pillars bore. We have see«i that Wood remarked that the columns of Ephesus diminished rapidly towards the top. Mr Penrose, in his discus- sion of the columns of Priene, says, " The principal amount of curvature is found to- wards the top of the shaft, whereas in the Attic examples it occurs near the base (at the Parthenon it is below) or the middle. If an hyperbola were chosen to represent the curvature its vertex would be above the capital." On plotting the dimensions of the memorandum to an exaggerated scale Fig. 49. — Diagram of Entasis of Column : 24 horizontal to I vertical.
