CHAP. VII.] MUGHALS GET QANDAHAR. 131 Mirza Muzaffar Husain, surrendered his princi- pality to the Mughal Emperor Frequently changes hands and entered his service as a India high grandee. So also did between and Persia. Muzaffar's brother Rustam, the lord of Dawar. For the next twenty-nine years Qandahar remained united to Delhi, though a fruitless attack was made on it in 1606, just after Akbar's death. But the Persians were not to be denied. After negotiating in vain with Jahangir for a friendly cession of the fort, Shah Abbas the Great in 1623 besieged it for 45 days, and took it from Abdul Aziz Khan Naqshbandi, who was holding it for the Emperor. Fifteen years afterwards, Ali Mardan Khan, the Persian Governor of Qandahar, alarmed at the hostile intentions of the Shah, saved himself and his family by betraying the fort into Mughal hands (Feb., 1638) and entering the Imperial service, where he gained the highest rank and office, and the personal friendship of his new master. Shah Jahan, on getting possession spent immense sums in strengthening the defences and replenishing the stores and arsenals of Qandahar and its dependencies, Bist and Zamin Dawar.*
- For the history of Qandahar see Erskine's History of
India, i. 215, 220, 355; ii. 311-319, Blochmann's Ain-i- Digitized by Microsoft Ⓡ
